Car : Physics Test

[Ashish]

Hi Everyone! :)
Here's is simple demo of Car running on a uneven road with real-time physics
in the background giving at natural effect.

Controls -
'a' & 'd' to move left & right
Space to apply brakes
'h' to toggle on/off headlights


**Code is updated to according to suggestions**

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. '####################
2. ' Cars By Ashish
3. '####################
4. ' Just for fun! :)
5. '@KingOfCoders
6.  
7. _TITLE "Cars"
8.  
9. TYPE vec2
10.     x AS SINGLE
11.     y AS SINGLE
12. END TYPE
13.  
14. TYPE wheels
15.     pos AS vec2 'position
16.     vel AS vec2 'velocity
17.     acc AS vec2 'acceleration
18.     ang AS _FLOAT 'angle
19.     radius AS SINGLE 'wheel radius
20.     pos2 AS vec2
21. END TYPE
22.  
23. TYPE headlights
24.     pos AS vec2
25.     switched AS _BYTE
26.     'power as single
27. END TYPE
28.  
29. TYPE bodyFrames
30.     baseFrame AS vec2
31.     steepFrame AS vec2
32.     baseFrame2 AS vec2
33.     steepFrame2 AS vec2
34. END TYPE
35.  
36. TYPE cars
37.     backWheel AS wheels
38.     frontWheel AS wheels
39.     headlight AS headlights
40.     body AS bodyFrames
41. END TYPE
42.  
43. RANDOMIZE TIMER
44.  
45. SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(800, 400, 32)
46.  
47. 'noise function related variables
48. DIM SHARED perlin_octaves AS SINGLE, perlin_amp_falloff AS SINGLE
49.  
50. DIM SHARED Car AS cars, white&, roadMap(800) AS vec2
51.  
52. FOR i = 0 TO 800
53.     roadMap(i).x = i
54.     roadMap(i).y = noise(xoff, yoff, 0) * 40 + 363
55.     xoff = xoff + .001
56.     yoff = yoff + .01
57. NEXT
58.  
59. white& = _RGB(255, 255, 255)
60. v = RND
61. Car.backWheel.pos.x = 50
62. Car.backWheel.pos.y = 350
63. Car.backWheel.ang = v
64. Car.backWheel.radius = 13
65.  
66. Car.frontWheel.pos.x = 130
67. Car.frontWheel.pos.y = 350
68. Car.frontWheel.ang = v
69. Car.frontWheel.radius = 13
70.  
71. Car.headlight.switched = -1
72.  
73. initCar Car
74.  
75.  
76. DO
77.     drawCar Car
78.     drawMap roadMap()
79.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC("d")) THEN
80.         Car.backWheel.acc.x = Car.backWheel.acc.x + .05
81.         Car.frontWheel.acc.x = Car.frontWheel.acc.x + .05
82.     END IF
83.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC("a")) THEN
84.         Car.backWheel.acc.x = Car.backWheel.acc.x - .05
85.         Car.frontWheel.acc.x = Car.frontWheel.acc.x - .05
86.     END IF
87.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC(" ")) THEN
88.         IF Car.backWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN Car.backWheel.vel.x = Car.backWheel.vel.x - .09
89.         IF Car.backWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN Car.backWheel.vel.x = Car.backWheel.vel.x + .09
90.  
91.         IF Car.frontWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN Car.frontWheel.vel.x = Car.frontWheel.vel.x - .09
92.         IF Car.frontWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN Car.frontWheel.vel.x = Car.frontWheel.vel.x + .09
93.     END IF
94.     IF _KEYHIT = (ASC("h")) THEN
95.         IF Car.headlight.switched THEN Car.headlight.switched = 0 ELSE Car.headlight.switched = -1
96.     END IF
97.     updateCar Car
98.     _LIMIT 40
99.     _DISPLAY
100.     CLS , 1
101.     Car.backWheel.acc.x = 0
102.     Car.frontWheel.acc.x = 0
103.        
104.     IF Car.frontWheel.pos.x > 0 AND Car.frontWheel.pos.x < 800 AND Car.backWheel.pos.x > 0 AND Car.backWheel.pos.x < 800 THEN
105.         Car.frontWheel.pos.x = roadMap(Car.frontWheel.pos2.x).x
106.         Car.frontWheel.pos.y = roadMap(Car.frontWheel.pos2.x).y - 13
107.         Car.backWheel.pos.x = roadMap(Car.backWheel.pos2.x).x
108.         Car.backWheel.pos.y = roadMap(Car.backWheel.pos2.x).y - 13
109.     END IF
110. LOOP
111.  
112. SUB drawMap (mapData() AS vec2)
113. FOR i = 0 TO UBOUND(mapData) - 1
114.     LINE (mapData(i).x, mapData(i).y)-(mapData(i + 1).x, mapData(i + 1).y), white&
115. NEXT
116. END SUB
117.  
118. SUB initCar (obj AS cars)
119. obj.headlight.pos.x = obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25
120. obj.headlight.pos.y = obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 25
121. END SUB
122.  
123. SUB drawCar (obj AS cars)
124. 'we will draw body frames first, then, lights, followed by wheels.
125.  
126. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 40)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 40), white& 'up base
127. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x + obj.backWheel.radius, obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x - obj.frontWheel.radius, obj.frontWheel.pos.y), white& 'down base
128.  
129. '.....and some more..... little lines to cover down base.....
130. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - obj.backWheel.radius, obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y), white&
131. LINE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x + obj.backWheel.radius, obj.frontWheel.pos.y)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y), white&
132.  
133. 'left & right of base
134. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 40), white&
135. LINE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 40), white&
136.  
137. 'steeps
138.  
139. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 40)-(obj.backWheel.pos.x + 5, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 70), white&
140. LINE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 40)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x - 5, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 70), white&
141.  
142. 'roof
143. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x + 5, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 70)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x - 5, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 70), white&
144.  
145. 'divider, to form window glasses
146. 'line (obj.backWheel.pos.y - 70)-(obj.)
147.  
148. 'lights, x = cos0*r + xx, cos0 = x - xx / r
149. IF obj.headlight.switched THEN
150.     FOR i = 1 TO 150
151.         h = map(i, 1, 150, 3, 30)
152.         a = map(i, 1, 100, 200, 0)
153.         LINE (obj.headlight.pos.x + i, obj.headlight.pos.y - h)-(obj.headlight.pos.x + i, obj.headlight.pos.y + h), _RGBA(255, 255, 255, a)
154.     NEXT
155. END IF
156. 'tyres
157. CIRCLE (obj.backWheel.pos.x, obj.backWheel.pos.y), obj.backWheel.radius, white&
158. CIRCLE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x, obj.frontWheel.pos.y), obj.frontWheel.radius, white&
159.  
160. LINE (COS(obj.backWheel.ang) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.backWheel.ang) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(COS(obj.backWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.backWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.y), white&
161. LINE (COS(obj.frontWheel.ang) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.frontWheel.ang) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.y)-(COS(obj.frontWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.frontWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.y), white&
162.  
163. END SUB
164.  
165.  
166. SUB updateCar (obj AS cars)
167. obj.backWheel.pos.x = obj.backWheel.pos.x + obj.backWheel.vel.x
168. obj.backWheel.pos.y = obj.backWheel.pos.y + obj.backWheel.vel.y
169.  
170. IF obj.backWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN obj.backWheel.vel.x = obj.backWheel.vel.x - .01
171. IF obj.backWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN obj.backWheel.vel.x = obj.backWheel.vel.x + .01
172.  
173. obj.frontWheel.pos.x = obj.frontWheel.pos.x + obj.frontWheel.vel.x
174. obj.frontWheel.pos.y = obj.frontWheel.pos.y + obj.frontWheel.vel.y
175.  
176. IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.vel.x = obj.frontWheel.vel.x - .01
177. IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.vel.x = obj.frontWheel.vel.x + .01
178.  
179. obj.backWheel.vel.x = obj.backWheel.vel.x + obj.backWheel.acc.x
180. obj.backWheel.vel.y = obj.backWheel.vel.y + obj.backWheel.acc.y
181.  
182. obj.frontWheel.vel.x = obj.frontWheel.vel.x + obj.frontWheel.acc.x
183. obj.frontWheel.vel.y = obj.frontWheel.vel.y + obj.frontWheel.acc.y
184.  
185. IF ABS(obj.backWheel.vel.x) > 0 THEN
186.     IF obj.backWheel.vel.x <> 0 THEN obj.backWheel.ang = obj.backWheel.pos.x / obj.backWheel.radius
187. END IF
188.  
189. IF ABS(obj.frontWheel.vel.x) > 0 THEN
190.     IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x <> 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.ang = obj.frontWheel.pos.x / Car.frontWheel.radius
191. END IF
192. obj.headlight.pos.x = obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25
193. obj.headlight.pos.y = obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 25
194.  
195. obj.backWheel.pos2.x = INT(obj.backWheel.pos.x)
196. obj.backWheel.pos2.y = INT(obj.backWheel.pos.y)
197.  
198. obj.frontWheel.pos2.x = INT(obj.frontWheel.pos.x)
199. obj.frontWheel.pos2.y = INT(obj.frontWheel.pos.y)
200. END SUB
201.  
202. FUNCTION map! (value!, minRange!, maxRange!, newMinRange!, newMaxRange!)
203. map! = ((value! - minRange!) / (maxRange! - minRange!)) * (newMaxRange! - newMinRange!) + newMinRange!
204. END FUNCTION
205.  
206. FUNCTION dist! (x1!, y1!, x2!, y2!)
207. dist! = SQR((x2! - x1!) ^ 2 + (y2! - y1!) ^ 2)
208. END FUNCTION
209.  
210. FUNCTION noise! (x AS SINGLE, y AS SINGLE, z AS SINGLE)
211. STATIC p5NoiseSetup AS _BYTE
212. STATIC perlin() AS SINGLE
213. STATIC PERLIN_YWRAPB AS SINGLE, PERLIN_YWRAP AS SINGLE
214. STATIC PERLIN_ZWRAPB AS SINGLE, PERLIN_ZWRAP AS SINGLE
215. STATIC PERLIN_SIZE AS SINGLE
216.  
217. IF NOT p5NoiseSetup THEN
218.     p5NoiseSetup = -1
219.  
220.     PERLIN_YWRAPB = 4
221.     PERLIN_YWRAP = INT(1 * (2 ^ PERLIN_YWRAPB))
222.     PERLIN_ZWRAPB = 8
223.     PERLIN_ZWRAP = INT(1 * (2 ^ PERLIN_ZWRAPB))
224.     PERLIN_SIZE = 4095
225.  
226.     perlin_octaves = 4
227.     perlin_amp_falloff = 0.5
228.  
229.     REDIM perlin(PERLIN_SIZE + 1) AS SINGLE
230.     DIM i AS SINGLE
231.     FOR i = 0 TO PERLIN_SIZE + 1
232.         perlin(i) = RND
233.     NEXT
234. END IF
235.  
236. x = ABS(x)
237. y = ABS(y)
238. z = ABS(z)
239.  
240. DIM xi AS SINGLE, yi AS SINGLE, zi AS SINGLE
241. xi = INT(x)
242. yi = INT(y)
243. zi = INT(z)
244.  
245. DIM xf AS SINGLE, yf AS SINGLE, zf AS SINGLE
246. xf = x - xi
247. yf = y - yi
248. zf = z - zi
249.  
250. DIM r AS SINGLE, ampl AS SINGLE, o AS SINGLE
251. r = 0
252. ampl = .5
253.  
254. FOR o = 1 TO perlin_octaves
255.     DIM of AS SINGLE, rxf AS SINGLE
256.     DIM ryf AS SINGLE, n1 AS SINGLE, n2 AS SINGLE, n3 AS SINGLE
257.     of = xi + INT(yi * (2 ^ PERLIN_YWRAPB)) + INT(zi * (2 ^ PERLIN_ZWRAPB))
258.  
259.     rxf = 0.5 * (1.0 - COS(xf * _PI))
260.     ryf = 0.5 * (1.0 - COS(yf * _PI))
261.  
262.     n1 = perlin(of AND PERLIN_SIZE)
263.     n1 = n1 + rxf * (perlin((of + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n1)
264.     n2 = perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP) AND PERLIN_SIZE)
265.     n2 = n2 + rxf * (perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n2)
266.     n1 = n1 + ryf * (n2 - n1)
267.  
268.     of = of + PERLIN_ZWRAP
269.     n2 = perlin(of AND PERLIN_SIZE)
270.     n2 = n2 + rxf * (perlin((of + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n2)
271.     n3 = perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP) AND PERLIN_SIZE)
272.     n3 = n3 + rxf * (perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n3)
273.     n2 = n2 + ryf * (n3 - n2)
274.  
275.     n1 = n1 + (0.5 * (1.0 - COS(zf * _PI))) * (n2 - n1)
276.  
277.     r = r + n1 * ampl
278.     ampl = ampl * perlin_amp_falloff
279.     xi = INT(xi * (2 ^ 1))
280.     xf = xf * 2
281.     yi = INT(yi * (2 ^ 1))
282.     yf = yf * 2
283.     zi = INT(zi * (2 ^ 1))
284.     zf = zf * 2
285.  
286.     IF xf >= 1.0 THEN xi = xi + 1: xf = xf - 1
287.     IF yf >= 1.0 THEN yi = yi + 1: yf = yf - 1
288.     IF zf >= 1.0 THEN zi = zi + 1: zf = zf - 1
289. NEXT
290. noise! = r
291. END FUNCTION
292.  
293. SUB noiseDetail (lod!, falloff!)
294. IF lod! > 0 THEN perlin_octaves = lod!
295. IF falloff! > 0 THEN perlin_amp_falloff = falloff!
296. END SUB
297.  

I hope you'll enjoy it.

[STxAxTIC]

Hello Ashish -

I like it. Thanks for posting! I noticed that maaaaybe the wheels have a little slip to them, and at low speeds below .8 they do some funny things. I see why you did that on purpose - no worries.

If (and for the moment, only if) the "noise" of the road is not *too* steep and crazy - kindof like the settings you are demonstrating, I might suggest calculating the rotation angle of each wheel not with velocity, but with position. I modified the code for the front wheel only to demonstrate this - you can see that it doesn't want to slip like that back one does.

To generalize the method for all kinds of curves that go upside down and stuff, that can be done too.

Anyway, compare the front and back wheels:

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. '####################
2. ' Cars By Ashish
3. '####################
4. ' Just for fun! :)
5. '@KingOfCoders
6.  
7. _TITLE "Cars"
8.  
9. TYPE vec2
10.     x AS SINGLE
11.     y AS SINGLE
12. END TYPE
13.  
14. TYPE wheels
15.     pos AS vec2 'position
16.     vel AS vec2 'velocity
17.     acc AS vec2 'acceleration
18.     ang AS _FLOAT 'angle
19.     radius AS SINGLE 'wheel radius
20.     pos2 AS vec2
21. END TYPE
22.  
23. TYPE headlights
24.     pos AS vec2
25.     switched AS _BYTE
26.     'power as single
27. END TYPE
28.  
29. TYPE bodyFrames
30.     baseFrame AS vec2
31.     steepFrame AS vec2
32.     baseFrame2 AS vec2
33.     steepFrame2 AS vec2
34. END TYPE
35.  
36. TYPE cars
37.     backWheel AS wheels
38.     frontWheel AS wheels
39.     headlight AS headlights
40.     body AS bodyFrames
41. END TYPE
42.  
43. RANDOMIZE TIMER
44.  
45. SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(800, 400, 32)
46.  
47. 'noise function related variables
48. DIM SHARED perlin_octaves AS SINGLE, perlin_amp_falloff AS SINGLE
49.  
50. DIM SHARED Car AS cars, white&, roadMap(800) AS vec2
51.  
52. FOR i = 0 TO 800
53.     roadMap(i).x = i
54.     roadMap(i).y = noise(xoff, yoff, 0) * 40 + 363
55.     xoff = xoff + .001
56.     yoff = yoff + .01
57. NEXT
58.  
59. white& = _RGB(255, 255, 255)
60. v = RND
61. Car.backWheel.pos.x = 50
62. Car.backWheel.pos.y = 350
63. Car.backWheel.ang = v
64. Car.backWheel.radius = 13
65.  
66. Car.frontWheel.pos.x = 130
67. Car.frontWheel.pos.y = 350
68. Car.frontWheel.ang = v
69. Car.frontWheel.radius = 13
70.  
71. Car.headlight.switched = -1
72.  
73. initCar Car
74.  
75.  
76. DO
77.     drawCar Car
78.     drawMap roadMap()
79.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC("d")) THEN
80.         Car.backWheel.acc.x = Car.backWheel.acc.x + .05
81.         Car.frontWheel.acc.x = Car.frontWheel.acc.x + .05
82.     END IF
83.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC("a")) THEN
84.         Car.backWheel.acc.x = Car.backWheel.acc.x - .05
85.         Car.frontWheel.acc.x = Car.frontWheel.acc.x - .05
86.     END IF
87.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC(" ")) THEN
88.         IF Car.backWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN Car.backWheel.vel.x = Car.backWheel.vel.x - .09
89.         IF Car.backWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN Car.backWheel.vel.x = Car.backWheel.vel.x + .09
90.  
91.         IF Car.frontWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN Car.frontWheel.vel.x = Car.frontWheel.vel.x - .09
92.         IF Car.frontWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN Car.frontWheel.vel.x = Car.frontWheel.vel.x + .09
93.     END IF
94.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC("h")) THEN
95.         IF Car.headlight.switched THEN Car.headlight.switched = 0 ELSE Car.headlight.switched = -1
96.     END IF
97.     updateCar Car
98.     _LIMIT 40
99.     _DISPLAY
100.     CLS , 1
101.     Car.backWheel.acc.x = 0
102.     Car.frontWheel.acc.x = 0
103.  
104.     IF Car.frontWheel.pos.x < 800 AND Car.backWheel.pos.x > 0 THEN
105.         Car.backWheel.pos.x = roadMap(Car.backWheel.pos2.x).x
106.         Car.backWheel.pos.y = roadMap(Car.backWheel.pos2.x).y - 13
107.  
108.         Car.frontWheel.pos.x = roadMap(Car.frontWheel.pos2.x).x
109.         Car.frontWheel.pos.y = roadMap(Car.frontWheel.pos2.x).y - 13
110.     END IF
111. LOOP
112.  
113. SUB drawMap (mapData() AS vec2)
114. FOR i = 0 TO UBOUND(mapData) - 1
115.     LINE (mapData(i).x, mapData(i).y)-(mapData(i + 1).x, mapData(i + 1).y), white&
116. NEXT
117. END SUB
118.  
119. SUB initCar (obj AS cars)
120. obj.headlight.pos.x = obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25
121. obj.headlight.pos.y = obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 25
122. END SUB
123.  
124. SUB drawCar (obj AS cars)
125. 'we will draw body frames first, then, lights, followed by wheels.
126.  
127. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 40)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 40), white& 'up base
128. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x + obj.backWheel.radius, obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x - obj.frontWheel.radius, obj.frontWheel.pos.y), white& 'down base
129.  
130. '.....and some more..... little lines to cover down base.....
131. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - obj.backWheel.radius, obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y), white&
132. LINE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x + obj.backWheel.radius, obj.frontWheel.pos.y)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y), white&
133.  
134. 'left & right of base
135. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 40), white&
136. LINE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 40), white&
137.  
138. 'steeps
139.  
140. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x - 30, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 40)-(obj.backWheel.pos.x + 5, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 70), white&
141. LINE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 40)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x - 5, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 70), white&
142.  
143. 'roof
144. LINE (obj.backWheel.pos.x + 5, obj.backWheel.pos.y - 70)-(obj.frontWheel.pos.x - 5, obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 70), white&
145.  
146. 'divider, to form window glasses
147. 'line (obj.backWheel.pos.y - 70)-(obj.)
148.  
149. 'lights, x = cos0*r + xx, cos0 = x - xx / r
150. IF obj.headlight.switched THEN
151.     FOR i = 1 TO 150
152.         h = map(i, 1, 150, 3, 30)
153.         a = map(i, 1, 100, 200, 0)
154.         LINE (obj.headlight.pos.x + i, obj.headlight.pos.y - h)-(obj.headlight.pos.x + i, obj.headlight.pos.y + h), _RGBA(255, 255, 255, a)
155.     NEXT
156. END IF
157. 'tyres
158. CIRCLE (obj.backWheel.pos.x, obj.backWheel.pos.y), obj.backWheel.radius, white&
159. CIRCLE (obj.frontWheel.pos.x, obj.frontWheel.pos.y), obj.frontWheel.radius, white&
160.  
161. LINE (COS(obj.backWheel.ang) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.backWheel.ang) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.y)-(COS(obj.backWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.backWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.backWheel.radius + obj.backWheel.pos.y), white&
162. LINE (COS(obj.frontWheel.ang) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.frontWheel.ang) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.y)-(COS(obj.frontWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.x, SIN(obj.frontWheel.ang + _PI) * obj.frontWheel.radius + obj.frontWheel.pos.y), white&
163.  
164. END SUB
165.  
166.  
167. SUB updateCar (obj AS cars)
168. obj.backWheel.pos.x = obj.backWheel.pos.x + obj.backWheel.vel.x
169. obj.backWheel.pos.y = obj.backWheel.pos.y + obj.backWheel.vel.y
170.  
171. IF obj.backWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN obj.backWheel.vel.x = obj.backWheel.vel.x - .01
172. IF obj.backWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN obj.backWheel.vel.x = obj.backWheel.vel.x + .01
173.  
174. obj.frontWheel.pos.x = obj.frontWheel.pos.x + obj.frontWheel.vel.x
175. obj.frontWheel.pos.y = obj.frontWheel.pos.y + obj.frontWheel.vel.y
176.  
177. IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x > 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.vel.x = obj.frontWheel.vel.x - .01
178. IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x < 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.vel.x = obj.frontWheel.vel.x + .01
179.  
180. obj.backWheel.vel.x = obj.backWheel.vel.x + obj.backWheel.acc.x
181. obj.backWheel.vel.y = obj.backWheel.vel.y + obj.backWheel.acc.y
182.  
183. obj.frontWheel.vel.x = obj.frontWheel.vel.x + obj.frontWheel.acc.x
184. obj.frontWheel.vel.y = obj.frontWheel.vel.y + obj.frontWheel.acc.y
185.  
186. IF ABS(obj.backWheel.vel.x) > .8 THEN
187.     IF obj.backWheel.vel.x <> 0 THEN obj.backWheel.ang = obj.backWheel.ang + obj.backWheel.vel.x * 0.077
188. END IF
189.  
190. IF ABS(obj.frontWheel.vel.x) > 0 THEN
191.     IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x <> 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.ang = obj.frontWheel.pos.x / Car.frontWheel.radius
192. END IF
193. obj.headlight.pos.x = obj.frontWheel.pos.x + 25
194. obj.headlight.pos.y = obj.frontWheel.pos.y - 25
195.  
196. obj.backWheel.pos2.x = INT(obj.backWheel.pos.x)
197. obj.backWheel.pos2.y = INT(obj.backWheel.pos.y)
198.  
199. obj.frontWheel.pos2.x = INT(obj.frontWheel.pos.x)
200. obj.frontWheel.pos2.y = INT(obj.frontWheel.pos.y)
201. END SUB
202.  
203. FUNCTION map! (value!, minRange!, maxRange!, newMinRange!, newMaxRange!)
204. map! = ((value! - minRange!) / (maxRange! - minRange!)) * (newMaxRange! - newMinRange!) + newMinRange!
205. END FUNCTION
206.  
207. FUNCTION dist! (x1!, y1!, x2!, y2!)
208. dist! = SQR((x2! - x1!) ^ 2 + (y2! - y1!) ^ 2)
209. END FUNCTION
210.  
211. FUNCTION noise! (x AS SINGLE, y AS SINGLE, z AS SINGLE)
212. STATIC p5NoiseSetup AS _BYTE
213. STATIC perlin() AS SINGLE
214. STATIC PERLIN_YWRAPB AS SINGLE, PERLIN_YWRAP AS SINGLE
215. STATIC PERLIN_ZWRAPB AS SINGLE, PERLIN_ZWRAP AS SINGLE
216. STATIC PERLIN_SIZE AS SINGLE
217.  
218. IF NOT p5NoiseSetup THEN
219.     p5NoiseSetup = -1
220.  
221.     PERLIN_YWRAPB = 4
222.     PERLIN_YWRAP = INT(1 * (2 ^ PERLIN_YWRAPB))
223.     PERLIN_ZWRAPB = 8
224.     PERLIN_ZWRAP = INT(1 * (2 ^ PERLIN_ZWRAPB))
225.     PERLIN_SIZE = 4095
226.  
227.     perlin_octaves = 4
228.     perlin_amp_falloff = 0.5
229.  
230.     REDIM perlin(PERLIN_SIZE + 1) AS SINGLE
231.     DIM i AS SINGLE
232.     FOR i = 0 TO PERLIN_SIZE + 1
233.         perlin(i) = RND
234.     NEXT
235. END IF
236.  
237. x = ABS(x)
238. y = ABS(y)
239. z = ABS(z)
240.  
241. DIM xi AS SINGLE, yi AS SINGLE, zi AS SINGLE
242. xi = INT(x)
243. yi = INT(y)
244. zi = INT(z)
245.  
246. DIM xf AS SINGLE, yf AS SINGLE, zf AS SINGLE
247. xf = x - xi
248. yf = y - yi
249. zf = z - zi
250.  
251. DIM r AS SINGLE, ampl AS SINGLE, o AS SINGLE
252. r = 0
253. ampl = .5
254.  
255. FOR o = 1 TO perlin_octaves
256.     DIM of AS SINGLE, rxf AS SINGLE
257.     DIM ryf AS SINGLE, n1 AS SINGLE, n2 AS SINGLE, n3 AS SINGLE
258.     of = xi + INT(yi * (2 ^ PERLIN_YWRAPB)) + INT(zi * (2 ^ PERLIN_ZWRAPB))
259.  
260.     rxf = 0.5 * (1.0 - COS(xf * _PI))
261.     ryf = 0.5 * (1.0 - COS(yf * _PI))
262.  
263.     n1 = perlin(of AND PERLIN_SIZE)
264.     n1 = n1 + rxf * (perlin((of + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n1)
265.     n2 = perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP) AND PERLIN_SIZE)
266.     n2 = n2 + rxf * (perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n2)
267.     n1 = n1 + ryf * (n2 - n1)
268.  
269.     of = of + PERLIN_ZWRAP
270.     n2 = perlin(of AND PERLIN_SIZE)
271.     n2 = n2 + rxf * (perlin((of + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n2)
272.     n3 = perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP) AND PERLIN_SIZE)
273.     n3 = n3 + rxf * (perlin((of + PERLIN_YWRAP + 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE) - n3)
274.     n2 = n2 + ryf * (n3 - n2)
275.  
276.     n1 = n1 + (0.5 * (1.0 - COS(zf * _PI))) * (n2 - n1)
277.  
278.     r = r + n1 * ampl
279.     ampl = ampl * perlin_amp_falloff
280.     xi = INT(xi * (2 ^ 1))
281.     xf = xf * 2
282.     yi = INT(yi * (2 ^ 1))
283.     yf = yf * 2
284.     zi = INT(zi * (2 ^ 1))
285.     zf = zf * 2
286.  
287.     IF xf >= 1.0 THEN xi = xi + 1: xf = xf - 1
288.     IF yf >= 1.0 THEN yi = yi + 1: yf = yf - 1
289.     IF zf >= 1.0 THEN zi = zi + 1: zf = zf - 1
290. NEXT
291. noise! = r
292. END FUNCTION
293.  
294. SUB noiseDetail (lod!, falloff!)
295. IF lod! > 0 THEN perlin_octaves = lod!
296. IF falloff! > 0 THEN perlin_amp_falloff = falloff!
297. END SUB
298.  

[FellippeHeitor]

That works really well! Good job there, Ashish!

It's a bit hard to turn on/off the lights, as they flicker if you hold "h" a little longer.

Nice how the brakes aren't the hard-artificial type I was expecting, but a more natural "slow it down" thing.

Fellippe.

[Petr]

Super job, Ashish. Thank for the link! We all here are newbie :-D

i upgrade your 3 lines of code (line 94, 95, 96) for better light switching. Is the same case as in my QB64Player:

Code: QB64: [Select]

1.     IF _KEYDOWN(ASC("h")) AND TIMER > t THEN
2.         IF Car.headlight.switched THEN Car.headlight.switched = 0: t = TIMER + .2 ELSE Car.headlight.switched = -1: t = TIMER + .2
3.     END IF
4.  

[Ashish]

@STxAxTIC
I like your modification. I was stuck at that problem and I was unable to calculate the rotation of the wheel. So, I used it to rotate with velocity ( which was not accurate!).
By the way, on the line 191, it should be

Code: QB64: [Select]

1.     IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x <> 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.ang = obj.frontWheel.pos.x / obj.frontWheel.radius
2.  

instead of

Code: QB64: [Select]

1.     IF obj.frontWheel.vel.x <> 0 THEN obj.frontWheel.ang = obj.frontWheel.pos.x / Car.frontWheel.radius
2.  

right? :)

@FellippeHeitor
Thank you. :)

@Petr
Thank you. :)

[STxAxTIC]

Nice catch Ashish - Yeah, I was going a little too fast when looking for the variable that contained 1/.077=13. Your new correction is probably the better form.