'3D OpenWorld Terrain Demo
'Using Perlin Noise
'By Ashish Kushwaha
'noise function related variables
mapW = 800: mapH = 800 'control the size of the map or world
'Terrain Map related variables
'terrainData(mapW,mapH) contain elevation data and moistureMap(mapW,mapH) contain moisture data
DIM SHARED terrainMap
(mapW
, mapH
), moistureMap
(mapW
, mapH
), terrainData
(mapW
, mapH
) AS vec3
'these stored the 3 Dimensional coordinates of the objects. Used as a array buffer with glDrawArrays(). glDrawArrays() is faster than normal glBegin() ... glEnd() for rendering
DIM SHARED mountVert
(mapW
* mapH
* 6) AS SINGLE, mountColor
(mapW
* mapH
* 6), mountNormal
(mapW
* mapH
* 6)
'MODs
'map
DIM SHARED worldMap&
, myLocation&
'stored the 2D Map worldMap&
= _NEWIMAGE(mapW
+ 300, mapH
+ 300, 32)
'sky
DIM SHARED skyTextures&
(5), skyTextureHandle&
(4)
'The reason of commenting down below code is given on line number - 279
'_DEST skyTextures&(0)
'CLS , _RGB(109, 164, 255)
'FOR y = 0 TO _HEIGHT - 1
' FOR x = 0 TO _WIDTH - 1
' noiseDetail 5, 0.5
' k! = (ABS(noise(x * 0.04, y * 0.04, x / y * 0.01)) * 1.3) ^ 3
' PSET (x, y), _RGBA(255, 255, 255, k! * 255)
'NEXT x, y
'skyW = _WIDTH(skyTextures&(0))
'skyH = _HEIGHT(skyTextures&(0))
'_PUTIMAGE (0, 0), 0, skyTextures&(1), (skyW / 3, 0)-STEP(skyW / 3, skyH / 3) 'back or rear
'_PUTIMAGE (0, 0), 0, skyTextures&(2), (0, skyH / 3)-STEP(skyW / 3, skyH / 3) 'left
'_PUTIMAGE (0, 0), 0, skyTextures&(3), (skyW / 3, skyH / 3)-STEP(skyW / 3, skyH / 3) 'up
'_PUTIMAGE (0, 0), 0, skyTextures&(4), (2 * (skyW / 3), skyH / 3)-STEP(skyW / 3, skyH / 3) 'right
'_PUTIMAGE (0, 0), 0, skyTextures&(5), (skyW / 3, 2 * (skyH / 3))-STEP(skyW / 3, skyH / 3) 'front
'_DEST 0
'camera
_DEST myLocation&
'Generating the blip icon 'image data of blip icon
DATA 0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0 DATA 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0 DATA 0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0 DATA 0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0 DATA 0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0 DATA 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 DATA 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 DATA 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1 DATA 1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1 DATA 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
'Map elevations and mositure calculation done here with the help of perlin noise
freq = 2
nx = x * 0.01
ny = y * 0.01
noiseDetail 2, 0.4
v!
= ABS(noise
(nx
* freq
, ny
* freq
, 0)) * 1.5 + ABS(noise
(nx
* freq
* 4, ny
* freq
* 4, 0)) * .25 v! = v! ^ (3.9)
elev = v! * 255
noiseDetail 2, 0.4
m!
= ABS(noise
(nx
* 2, ny
* 2, 0)) m! = m! ^ 1.4
' pset (x+mapW,y),_rgb(0,0,m!*255)
moistureMap(x, y) = m!
' PSET (x, y), _RGB(elev, elev, elev)
terrainMap(x, y) = (elev / 255) * mountHeightMax
terrainData(x, y).x = map(x, 0, mapW, -mapW * 0.02, mapW * 0.02)
terrainData(x, y).y = terrainMap(x, y)
terrainData(x, y).z = map(y, 0, mapH, -mapH * 0.02, mapH * 0.02)
setMountColor x, y, 0, elev / 255, mountHeightMax
clr~&
= _RGB(mountColor
(0) * 255, mountColor
(1) * 255, mountColor
(2) * 255) PSET (x
+ 150, y
+ 150), clr~&
' pset(x,y+mapH),clr~&
PRINT "Generating World..." 'need to show a catchy progress bar
FOR j
= 0 TO map
(y
, 0, mapH
- 1, 0, _WIDTH - 1):
LINE (j
, _HEIGHT - 6)-(j
, _HEIGHT - 1), hsb~&
(map
(j
, 0, _WIDTH - 1, 0, 255), 255, 128, 255):
NEXT j
generateTerrainData
PRINT "Hit Enter To Step In The World." PRINT "Map size : ";
(mapH
* mapW
* 24) / 1024;
" kB"
glAllow = -1
IF Cam.mpos.z
> mapH
- 2 THEN Cam.mpos.z
= mapH
- 2 'prevent reaching out of the world map IF Cam.mpos.x
> mapW
- 2 THEN Cam.mpos.x
= mapW
- 2 ' IF Cam.mpos.z
< 2 THEN Cam.mpos.z
= 2 ' IF Cam.mpos.x
< 2 THEN Cam.mpos.x
= 2 '
Cam.mpos.z
= Cam.mpos.z
+ SIN(theta
) * 0.3: Cam.mpos.x
= Cam.mpos.x
+ COS(theta
) * 0.3 Cam.mpos.z
= Cam.mpos.z
- SIN(theta
) * 0.3: Cam.mpos.x
= Cam.mpos.x
- COS(theta
) * 0.3 Cam.mpos.z
= Cam.mpos.z
+ SIN(theta
- _PI(0.5)) * 0.3: Cam.mpos.x
= Cam.mpos.x
+ COS(theta
- _PI(0.5)) * 0.3 Cam.mpos.z
= Cam.mpos.z
+ SIN(theta
+ _PI(0.5)) * 0.3: Cam.mpos.x
= Cam.mpos.x
+ COS(theta
+ _PI(0.5)) * 0.3
IF worldMOD
= 2 THEN worldMOD
= 0 ELSE worldMOD
= worldMOD
+ 1
CLS , 1 'clear the screen and make it transparent so that GL context not get hidden.
'rotation of world causes rotation of map too. calculation of the source points of map is done below
sx1
= COS(_PI(.75) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.x
+ 150: sy1
= SIN(_PI(.75) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.z
+ 150 sx2
= COS(_PI(1.25) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.x
+ 150: sy2
= SIN(_PI(1.25) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.z
+ 150 sx3
= COS(_PI(1.75) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.x
+ 150: sy3
= SIN(_PI(1.75) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.z
+ 150 sx4
= COS(_PI(2.25) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.x
+ 150: sy4
= SIN(_PI(2.25) + theta
) * 50 * sqrt2
+ Cam.mpos.z
+ 150 'displaying the minimap
'showing your location
'drawing red border along the map make it attractive
glSetup = -1
rad = 1 'distance of camera from origin (0,0,0)
farPoint = 1.0 'far point of camera target
'initialize camera
Cam.mpos.x = mapW / 2
Cam.mpos.z = mapH / 2
Cam.mpos.y = 6
'initialize textures for sky
_glTexImage2D _GL_TEXTURE_2D
, 0, _GL_RGB
, _WIDTH(skyTextures&
(i
)), _HEIGHT(skyTextures&
(i
)), 0, _GL_BGRA_EXT
, _GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE
, m.OFFSET
IF worldMOD
= 0 THEN _glClearColor 0.7, 0.8, 1.0, 1.0 'this makes the background look sky blue.
_glEnable _GL_DEPTH_TEST
'Of course, we are going to do 3D
'_glEnable _GL_TEXTURE_2D 'so that we can use texture for our sky. :)
_glEnable _GL_LIGHTING
'Without light, everything dull.
'night MOD
_glLightfv _GL_LIGHT0
, _GL_AMBIENT
, glVec4
(0.05, 0.05, 0.33, 0) _glLightfv _GL_LIGHT0
, _GL_DIFFUSE
, glVec4
(0.55, 0.55, 0.78, 0) _glLightfv _GL_LIGHT0
, _GL_SPECULAR
, glVec4
(0.75, 0.75, 0.98, 0) _glLightfv _GL_LIGHT0
, _GL_AMBIENT
, glVec4
(0.35, 0.35, 0.33, 0) 'gives a bit yellowing color to the light _glLightfv _GL_LIGHT0
, _GL_DIFFUSE
, glVec4
(0.75, 0.75, 0.60, 0) 'so it will feel like sun is in the sky _glLightfv _GL_LIGHT0
, _GL_SPECULAR
, glVec4
(0.95, 0.95, 0.80, 0)
IF Cam.mpos.y
> (terrainMap
(Cam.mpos.x
, Cam.mpos.z
)) THEN Cam.mpos.y
= Cam.mpos.y
- 0.03 ELSE Cam.mpos.y
= (terrainMap
(Cam.mpos.x
, Cam.mpos.z
)) 'if you are in air then you must fall.
'calculation of camera eye, its target, etc...
Cam.target.y
= Cam.
pos.y
* COS(phi
) Cam.target.x
= Cam.
pos.x
+ COS(theta
) * farPoint
Cam.target.z
= Cam.
pos.z
+ SIN(theta
) * farPoint
Cam.
pos.x
= map
(Cam.mpos.x
, 0, mapW
, -mapW
* 0.02, mapW
* 0.02) Cam.
pos.z
= map
(Cam.mpos.z
, 0, mapH
, -mapH
* 0.02, mapH
* 0.02) Cam.
pos.y
= Cam.mpos.y
+ 0.3
gluLookAt Cam.
pos.x
, Cam.
pos.y
, Cam.
pos.z
, Cam.target.x
, Cam.target.y
, Cam.target.z
, 0, 1, 0
'use of this skybox was avoided by me because I believe that it makes the scene a bit unrealistic.
' skybox 5.0
' draw the world
'draws a beautiful sky
SUB setMountColor
(xi
, yi
, i
, h
, h_max
) 'assign color on the basis of height map and moisture map. IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.1 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.333: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.333: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.333:
EXIT SUB 'scorched IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.2 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.533: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.533: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.533:
EXIT SUB 'bare IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.5 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.737: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.737: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.6705:
EXIT SUB 'tundra mountColor
(i
) = 0.8705: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.8705: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.898:
EXIT SUB 'snow IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.33 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.788: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.823: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.607:
EXIT SUB 'temperate desert IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.66 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.533: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.600: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.466:
EXIT SUB 'shrubland mountColor
(i
) = 0.6: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.6705: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.466:
EXIT SUB 'taiga IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.16 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.788: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.823: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.607:
EXIT SUB 'temperate desert IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.50 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.533: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.6705: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.333:
EXIT SUB 'grassland IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.83 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.403: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.576: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.349:
EXIT SUB 'temperate deciduous forest mountColor
(i
) = 0.262: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.533: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.233:
EXIT SUB 'temperate rain forest IF h
< 0.1 * h
THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.262: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.262: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.478:
EXIT SUB 'ocean IF h
< 0.14 * h
THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.627: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.568: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.466:
EXIT SUB 'beach IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.16 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.823: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.725: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.545:
EXIT SUB 'subtropical desert IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.33 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.533: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.6705: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.333:
EXIT SUB 'grassland IF moistureMap
(xi
, yi
) < 0.66 THEN mountColor
(i
) = 0.337: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.600: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.266:
EXIT SUB 'tropical seasonal forest mountColor
(i
) = 0.2: mountColor
(i
+ 1) = 0.466: mountColor
(i
+ 2) = 0.333:
EXIT SUB 'tropical rain forest
SUB generateTerrainData
() index = 0
'##################################################################################################
'# Note : The below method consumes more memory. It uses 3x more vertex array than the next one. #
'# So, use of this method was avoided by me. #
'##################################################################################################
' _dest _console
' FOR z = 0 TO mapH - 1
' FOR x = 0 TO mapW - 1
' A = terrainData(x, z)
' B = terrainData(x, z + 1)
' C = terrainData(x + 1, z)
' D = terrainData(x+1,z+1)
' ' ?index
' ' OBJ_CalculateNormal A, B, C, R
' ' mountNormal(index) = R.x : mountNormal(index+1) = R.y : mountNormal(index+2) = R.z
' ' mountNormal(index+3) = R.x : mountNormal(index+4) = R.y : mountNormal(index+5) = R.z
' ' mountNormal(index+6) = R.x : mountNormal(index+7) = R.y : mountNormal(index+8) = R.z
' mountVert(index) = A.x : mountVert(index+1) = A.y : mountVert(index+2) = A.z : setMountColor x,z,index, A.y, mountHeightMax
' mountVert(index+3) = B.x : mountVert(index+4) = B.y : mountVert(index+5) = B.z : setMountColor x,z+1,index+3, B.y, mountHeightMax
' mountVert(index+6) = C.x : mountVert(index+7) = C.y : mountVert(index+8) = C.z: setMountColor x+1,z,index+6, C.y, mountHeightMax
' ' OBJ_CalculateNormal C,B,D, R
' ' mountNormal(index+9) = R.x : mountNormal(index+10) = R.y : mountNormal(index+11) = R.z
' ' mountNormal(index+12) = R.x : mountNormal(index+13) = R.y : mountNormal(index+14) = R.z
' ' mountNormal(index+15) = R.x : mountNormal(index+16) = R.y : mountNormal(index+17) = R.z
' mountVert(index+9) = C.x : mountVert(index+10) = C.y : mountVert(index+11) = C.z: setMountColor x+1,z, index+9, C.y, mountHeightMax
' mountVert(index+12) = B.x : mountVert(index+13) = B.y : mountVert(index+14) = B.z: setMountColor x,z+1,index+12, B.y, mountHeightMax
' mountVert(index+15) = D.x : mountVert(index+16) = D.y : mountVert(index+17) = D.z: setMountColor x+1,z+1,index+15, D.y, mountHeightMax
' index = index+18
' NEXT x,z
'this method is efficient than the above one.
A = terrainData(x, z) 'get out coordinates from our stored data
B = terrainData(x, z + 1)
C = terrainData(x + 1, z)
OBJ_CalculateNormal A, B, C, R 'calculates the normal of a triangle
'store color, coordinate & normal data in an array
mountNormal(index) = R.x: mountNormal(index + 1) = R.y: mountNormal(index + 2) = R.z
mountVert(index) = A.x: mountVert(index + 1) = A.y: mountVert(index + 2) = A.z: setMountColor x, z, index, A.y, mountHeightMax
mountNormal(index + 3) = R.x: mountNormal(index + 4) = R.y: mountNormal(index + 5) = R.z
mountVert(index + 3) = B.x: mountVert(index + 4) = B.y: mountVert(index + 5) = B.z: setMountColor x, z + 1, index + 3, B.y, mountHeightMax
index = index + 6
p5random!
= RND * (mx!
- mn!
) + mn!
FUNCTION map!
(value!
, minRange!
, maxRange!
, newMinRange!
, newMaxRange!
) map! = ((value! - minRange!) / (maxRange! - minRange!)) * (newMaxRange! - newMinRange!) + newMinRange!
'coded in QB64 by Fellipe Heitor
'Can be found in p5js.bas library
'http://bit.ly/p5jsbas
p5NoiseSetup = 1
PERLIN_YWRAPB = 4
PERLIN_YWRAP
= INT(1 * (2 ^ PERLIN_YWRAPB
)) PERLIN_ZWRAPB = 8
PERLIN_ZWRAP
= INT(1 * (2 ^ PERLIN_ZWRAPB
)) PERLIN_SIZE = 4095
perlin_octaves = 4
perlin_amp_falloff = 0.5
FOR i
= 0 TO PERLIN_SIZE
+ 1
xf = x - xi
yf = y - yi
zf = z - zi
r = 0
ampl = .5
FOR o
= 1 TO perlin_octaves
of
= xi
+ INT(yi
* (2 ^ PERLIN_YWRAPB
)) + INT(zi
* (2 ^ PERLIN_ZWRAPB
))
rxf
= 0.5 * (1.0 - COS(xf
* _PI)) ryf
= 0.5 * (1.0 - COS(yf
* _PI))
n1
= perlin
(of
AND PERLIN_SIZE
) n1
= n1
+ rxf
* (perlin
((of
+ 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE
) - n1
) n2
= perlin
((of
+ PERLIN_YWRAP
) AND PERLIN_SIZE
) n2
= n2
+ rxf
* (perlin
((of
+ PERLIN_YWRAP
+ 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE
) - n2
) n1 = n1 + ryf * (n2 - n1)
of = of + PERLIN_ZWRAP
n2
= perlin
(of
AND PERLIN_SIZE
) n2
= n2
+ rxf
* (perlin
((of
+ 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE
) - n2
) n3
= perlin
((of
+ PERLIN_YWRAP
) AND PERLIN_SIZE
) n3
= n3
+ rxf
* (perlin
((of
+ PERLIN_YWRAP
+ 1) AND PERLIN_SIZE
) - n3
) n2 = n2 + ryf * (n3 - n2)
n1
= n1
+ (0.5 * (1.0 - COS(zf
* _PI))) * (n2
- n1
)
r = r + n1 * ampl
ampl = ampl * perlin_amp_falloff
xf = xf * 2
yf = yf * 2
zf = zf * 2
IF xf
>= 1.0 THEN xi
= xi
+ 1: xf
= xf
- 1 IF yf
>= 1.0 THEN yi
= yi
+ 1: yf
= yf
- 1 IF zf
>= 1.0 THEN zi
= zi
+ 1: zf
= zf
- 1 noise! = r
SUB noiseDetail
(lod!
, falloff!
) IF lod!
> 0 THEN perlin_octaves
= lod!
IF falloff!
> 0 THEN perlin_amp_falloff
= falloff!
'method adapted form http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4106363/converting-rgb-to-hsb-colors
H = map(__H, 0, 255, 0, 360)
S = map(__S, 0, 255, 0, 1)
B = map(__B, 0, 255, 0, 1)
hsb~&
= _RGBA32(B
* 255, B
* 255, B
* 255, A
)
fmx = B - (B * S) + S
fmn = B + (B * S) - S
fmx = B + (B * S)
fmn = B - (B * S)
H = H - 360
H = H / 60
H
= H
- (2 * INT(((iSextant
+ 1) MOD 6) / 2))
fmd = (H * (fmx - fmn)) + fmn
fmd = fmn - (H * (fmx - fmn))
SUB OBJ_CalculateNormal
(p1
AS vec3
, p2
AS vec3
, p3
AS vec3
, N
AS vec3
)
U.x = p2.x - p1.x
U.y = p2.y - p1.y
U.z = p2.z - p1.z
V.x = p3.x - p1.x
V.y = p3.y - p1.y
V.z = p3.z - p1.z
N.x = (U.y * V.z) - (U.z * V.y)
N.y = (U.z * V.x) - (U.x * V.z)
N.z = (U.x * V.y) - (U.y * V.x)
OBJ_Normalize N
SUB OBJ_Normalize
(V
AS vec3
) mag!
= SQR(V.x
* V.x
+ V.y
* V.y
+ V.z
* V.z
) V.x = V.x / mag!
V.y = V.y / mag!
V.z = V.z / mag!
internal_vec4(0) = x
internal_vec4(1) = y
internal_vec4(2) = z
internal_vec4(3) = w
glVec4%&
= _OFFSET(internal_vec4
())
