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Offline johnno56

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Particle System
« on: April 10, 2022, 03:46:13 am »
I have been searching for a document(s), video, tutorials etc., on how to create a particle system. The problem is, I found heaps... My biggest problem is that the lack of information when it comes to Basic. I know that particle systems have been used in games etc. on this site. Which in itself is great. But, I seem to learn more from a tutorial as opposed to 'Monkey see. Monkey do.'  Copy and paste is fine, if only a result is needed, but that does not teach me how and why the code works... I am not sure I am making much sense. If I knew how to use all the other language examples that I have looked at, I probably would not be asking... Basic is what I know best... Basic examples/tutorials are what I am looking for... I would appreciate any assistance that you are willing to offer. Thank you.
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Offline bplus

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #1 on: April 10, 2022, 07:45:00 am »
@johnno56

This surprises me! You've done particle systems way back at SdlBasic, just fine!

You probably would like to do them with an array for each... I don't know what to call them Property? is the VB term, characteristic? oh what are they called?!

You could setup an UDT for them like this:
Type Particle
    As Single x, y, dx, dy, life, active
    As _unsigned Long colr
end Type
nParticles = 100
Dim Shared parts(nParticles) as Particle

or do it the old fashioned way
dim x(nParticles), y(nParticles), dx(nParticles), dy(nParticles), life(nParticles), active(nParticles)
dim as _unsigned long colr(nParticles)

Then it's good to have a Sub for creating a new particle depends on your app what to do
Sub NewParticle(index) 'where index is for the shared array Parts
     ' setup Parts(index) for you app here
end sub

I could probably dig up some of your code from SdlBasic for doing particles :)



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Offline bplus

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #2 on: April 10, 2022, 07:57:09 am »
Found it:
http://sdlbasic.epizy.com/showthread.php?tid=235

From 6 years ago!

You call the properties parameters here, OK :)

Oh come to think of it, I think you mentioned losing your computer and a bunch of old work. Well that link is to fine Particle System you did.
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Offline _vince

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #3 on: April 10, 2022, 09:38:24 am »
Quote from: bplus on April 10, 2022, 07:57:09 am
Found it:
http://sdlbasic.epizy.com/showthread.php?tid=235

Here is a simple particle system that I converted from Basic256. It has a lot of comments that explain what each step does.

Note: On my machine, the 'polygon' command, causes sdlbasic to freeze. SetPixel, Bar, fillcircle and Ployline all work just fine.

Wow, what is Basic256!?  There's a successor to ModernBASIC 128?
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Offline bplus

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #4 on: April 10, 2022, 01:31:12 pm »
A little translation:
Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. ' 2022-04-10 b+ translation of  http://sdlbasic.epizy.com/showthread.php?tid=235  
  2. ' ***************
  3. ' Particle System
  4. ' ***************
  5. ' maximum number of particles slots
  6. ' lower this to get more fluent effect
  7. maximum = 100
  8.  
  9. ' Each particle has 6 parameters
  10. ' 0 : location on the x-axis
  11. ' 1 : location on the y-axis
  12. ' 2 : movement on the x-axis
  13. ' 3 : movement on the y-axis
  14. ' 4 : how old the particle can get
  15. ' 5 : period where particle keeps the same color
  16. Dim particle(maximum, 6)
  17.  
  18. ' ******************************
  19. ' Boiler plate for a nice canvas
  20. ' ******************************
  21. 'setDisplay(700, 400, 32, 1)
  22. Screen _NewImage(700, 400, 32)
  23. f& = _LoadFont("Arial.ttf", 40) ' everyone has arial?
  25.  
  26. 'setCaption("Particles Example")
  27. _Title "Particles Example"
  29. 'autoback(-2)
  30. 'hidemouse
  33. Dim As _Unsigned Long darkred, red, orange, yellow, white
  34. darkred = _RGB32(128, 0, 0)
  35. red = _RGB32(255, 0, 0)
  36. orange = _RGB32(255, 128, 0)
  37. yellow = _RGB32(255, 255, 0)
  38. white = _RGB32(255, 255, 255)
  39.  
  40. ' *************************************************
  41. ' pre-cache sin/cos calculations (small speed gain)
  42. ' *************************************************
  43. Dim degree(361, 2)
  44. pi = 3.141592654
  45. k = 0
  46. For i = 0 To 2 * pi Step (2 * pi / 359)
  47.     k = k + 1
  48.     degree(k, 0) = Sin(i)
  49.     degree(k, 1) = Cos(i)
  51.  
  52. 'initialize text
  53. text_count = 0
  54. t1$ = "Particles Example"
  55. t2$ = "( Cool, isn't it? )"
  56. t3$ = "(   useless too  )"
  57. t4$ = t2$
  58. sw_text = 0
  59.  
  60. ' *************************************************
  61. ' initial particle definition: all particles 'dead'
  62. ' *************************************************
  63. For i = 0 To maximum - 1
  64.     particle(i, 4) = 0
  66.  
  67. '**************************************************
  68. ' main loop
  69. '**************************************************
  70. While _KeyDown(27) = 0
  71.     Cls
  72.     ' create new particles
  73.     ' ********************
  74.     ' select 7 random particles at each cycle
  75.     ' play with this value to get the best result on your computer
  76.     For k = 1 To 7
  77.         spawni = rand(maximum)
  78.  
  79.         ' if age of the random particle = 0, create one
  80.         If particle(spawni, 4) = 0 Then
  81.  
  82.             ' horizontal location
  83.             If rand(100) / 100 > 0.5 Then
  84.                 particle(spawni, 0) = 20
  85.                 lings = 1
  86.             Else
  87.                 particle(spawni, 0) = 660
  88.                 lings = 0
  89.             End If
  90.  
  91.             ' vertical location
  92.             particle(spawni, 1) = 350
  93.             direction = rand(35) + 157
  94.  
  95.             ' horizontal speed vector
  96.             If lings = 1 Then
  97.                 particle(spawni, 2) = rand(6)
  98.             Else
  99.                 particle(spawni, 2) = 0 - (rand(6))
  100.             End If
  101.  
  102.             ' falling speed vector
  103.             particle(spawni, 3) = (0 - rand(6)) - 5
  104.  
  105.             ' particle age
  106.             particle(spawni, 4) = 30 + rand(50)
  107.  
  108.             ' color aging
  109.             particle(spawni, 5) = particle(spawni, 4) / 5
  110.         End If
  111.     Next
  112.  
  113.     ' update position on ALL live particles
  114.     ' *************************************
  115.     For i = 0 To maximum - 1
  116.  
  117.         ' for all live particles
  118.         If particle(i, 4) > 0 Then
  119.  
  120.             ' calculate the new location
  121.             particle(i, 0) = particle(i, 0) + particle(i, 2)
  122.             particle(i, 1) = particle(i, 1) + particle(i, 3)
  123.  
  124.             ' increase the speed of falling
  125.             particle(i, 3) = particle(i, 3) + (rand(100) / 100) / 3
  126.  
  127.             ' make the particle older
  128.             particle(i, 4) = particle(i, 4) - 1
  129.  
  130.             ' if it hits the bottom, make it bounce up
  131.             ' 0=no bounce, 1= full bounce,no damping
  132.             If particle(i, 1) > 370 Then
  133.                 particle(i, 3) = -particle(i, 3) * ((rand(100) / 100) / 2)
  134.             End If
  135.         End If
  136.     Next
  137.  
  138.     ' Color determination of the particle
  140.     '************************************
  141.     For i = 0 To maximum - 1
  142.  
  143.         ' for all live particles
  144.         If particle(i, 4) > 0 Then
  145.  
  146.             ' color it darkred if less than 20% life left
  147.             If particle(i, 4) < particle(i, 5) Then
  148.                 k = darkred
  149.             End If
  150.  
  151.             ' color it red if more than 20% life left
  152.             If particle(i, 4) > (particle(i, 5)) Then
  153.                 k = red
  154.             End If
  155.  
  156.             ' color it orange if more than 40% life left
  157.             If particle(i, 4) > (particle(i, 5) * 2) Then
  158.                 k = orange
  159.             End If
  160.  
  161.             ' color it yellow if more than 60% life left
  162.             If particle(i, 4) > (particle(i, 5) * 3) Then
  163.                 k = yellow
  164.             End If
  165.  
  166.             ' color it white if more than 80% life left
  167.             If particle(i, 4) > (particle(i, 5) * 4) Then
  168.                 k = white
  169.             End If
  170.  
  171.  
  172.             '----------------------------
  173.             ' PLOT ALL THE LIVE PARTICLES
  174.             '----------------------------
  175.  
  176.  
  177.             '--- circles ---
  178.             'circle(particle(i,0), particle(i,1), 2+rand(4))
  179.             '--- filled circles ---
  180.             'fillcircle(particle(i,0), particle(i,1), 2+rand(4))
  181.             '--- squares ---
  182.             'polyline(particle(i,0), particle(i,1), particle(i,0)+6, particle(i,1), particle(i,0)+6, particle(i,1)+6, particle(i,0), particle(i,1)+6, particle(i,0), particle(i,1))
  183.             '--- stars ---
  184.             'polyline(particle(i,0)+4, particle(i,1), particle(i,0)+8, particle(i,1)+12, particle(i,0), particle(i,1)+4, particle(i,0)+12, particle(i,1)+4, particle(i,0)+2, particle(i,1)+12)
  185.              star particle(i, 0), particle(i, 1), 8, 20, 5, 90, k
  186.             '--- polygon seems to 'lock-up' ---
  187.             'polygon(particle(i,0), particle(i,1), particle(i,0)+6, particle(i,1), particle(i,0)+6, particle(i,1)+6, particle(i,0), particle(i,1)+6, particle(i,0), particle(i,1))
  188.             '--- filled squares ---
  189.             'bar(particle(i,0), particle(i,1), particle(i,0)+2+rand(4), particle(i,1)+2+rand(4))
  190.  
  191.         End If
  192.     Next
  193.  
  194.     Color _RGB32(255, 255, 255)
  195.     _PrintString (190, 140), t1$
  196.     Color _RGB32(0, 0, 255)
  197.     _PrintString (192, 142), t1$
  198.     If text_count < 300 Then
  199.         'Text 223, 180, 24, t4$, &HFFFF0000
  200.         Color _RGB32(255, 255, 255)
  201.         _PrintString (213, 190), t4$
  202.         Color _RGB32(255, 0, 0)
  203.         _PrintString (215, 192), t4$
  204.         text_count = text_count + 1
  205.     Else
  206.         If sw_text = 1 Then
  207.             t4$ = t3$
  208.             sw_text = 0
  209.         Else
  210.             t4$ = t2$
  211.             sw_text = 1
  212.         End If
  213.         text_count = 0
  214.     End If
  215.     _Display
  216.     _Limit 10
  218.  
  219. Function rand% (n)
  220.     rand% = Int((n + 1) * Rnd)
  222.  
  223. Sub star (x, y, rInner, rOuter, nPoints, angleOffset, K As _Unsigned Long)
  224.     ' x, y are same as for circle,
  225.     ' rInner is center circle radius
  226.     ' rOuter is the outer most point of star
  227.     ' nPoints is the number of points,
  228.     ' angleOffset = angle offset IN DEGREES, it will be converted to radians in sub
  229.     ' this is to allow us to spin the polygon of n sides
  230.     Dim pAngle, radAngleOffset, x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, i As Long
  231.  
  232.     pAngle = _D2R(360 / nPoints): radAngleOffset = _D2R(angleOffset)
  233.     x1 = x + rInner * Cos(radAngleOffset)
  234.     y1 = y + rInner * Sin(radAngleOffset)
  235.     For i = 0 To nPoints - 1
  236.         x2 = x + rOuter * Cos(i * pAngle + radAngleOffset + .5 * pAngle)
  237.         y2 = y + rOuter * Sin(i * pAngle + radAngleOffset + .5 * pAngle)
  238.         x3 = x + rInner * Cos((i + 1) * pAngle + radAngleOffset)
  239.         y3 = y + rInner * Sin((i + 1) * pAngle + radAngleOffset)
  240.         ftri x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, K
  241.         'triangles leaked
  242.         Line (x1, y1)-(x2, y2), K
  243.         Line (x2, y2)-(x3, y3), K
  244.         Line (x3, y3)-(x1, y1), K
  245.         x1 = x3: y1 = y3
  246.     Next
  247.     Paint (x, y), K, K
  249.  
  250. '2019-12-16 fix by Steve saves some time with STATIC and saves and restores last dest
  251. Sub ftri (x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, K As _Unsigned Long)
  252.     Dim D As Long
  253.     Static a&
  254.     D = _Dest
  256.     If a& = 0 Then a& = _NewImage(1, 1, 32)
  257.     _Dest a&
  258.     _DontBlend a& '  '<<<< new 2019-12-16 fix
  259.     PSet (0, 0), K
  260.     _Blend a& '<<<< new 2019-12-16 fix
  261.     _Dest D
  262.     _MapTriangle _Seamless(0, 0)-(0, 0)-(0, 0), a& To(x1, y1)-(x2, y2)-(x3, y3)
  264.  
  265. 'Sub Text (x, y, textHeight, txt$, k As _Unsigned Long)
  266. '    Dim fg As _Unsigned Long, cur&, I&, multi, xlen
  267. '    fg = _DefaultColor
  268. '    'screen snapshot
  269. '    cur& = _Dest
  270. '    I& = _NewImage(8 * Len(txt$), 16, 32)
  271. '    _Dest I&
  272. '    Color k
  273. '    _PrintString (0, 0), txt$
  274. '    multi = textHeight / 16
  275. '    xlen = Len(txt$) * 8 * multi
  276. '    _PutImage (x, y)-Step(xlen, textHeight), I&, cur&
  277. '    Color fg
  278. '    _FreeImage I&
  279. 'End Sub
  280.  
  281.  
« Last Edit: April 10, 2022, 01:40:30 pm by bplus »
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Offline johnno56

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #5 on: April 10, 2022, 04:04:45 pm »
I have a feeling that I may have asked these questions before... Probably my age is showing... *sigh*

Bplus. Thank you for the sdl reference... Those programs were direct conversion from basic256 (No, Vince... Not a successor by a long mark... - Basic256 was used because it was easy for me to convert... lol) These were just plain conversions. No reference or documentation as to why or how it all works. A prime example, on my part, of Monkey see... Monkey do... But, I have to admit, their examples were indeed impressive... Not exactly Fireworks but still impressive...

There are many examples of particle systems 'out there' that explain, in detail, how it all works, but the coding languages that are used, may as well have been written in Romulan...  I would prefer references in Basic as I have spent my most of my adult life learning and tinkering with Basic. I cannot afford to dedicate a similar period of time in leaning a new language...

Some of the games I have cobbled together in the past are a little, shall we say boring or plain, and figured that particle effects might add a little extra... might be fun...

Many thanks for the pseudo code... That helps a lot...
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Offline Richard Frost

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #6 on: April 10, 2022, 10:21:14 pm »
There are two "particle systems" in my old Moon Lander you could
study - the volcano and fireworks. 

The volcano demonstrates my theory that the Earth is made of cheese.
Why else would lava be orange?
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Offline johnno56

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Re: Particle System
« Reply #7 on: April 11, 2022, 12:16:50 am »
Cheese and lava... I would not have made the connection... I will be sure to check out your Moon Lander. Thank you.
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