Random Melodies and Chords (first complete and second rewrite - Bug Question)

[chlorophyll-zz]

I have wrote a Program that Generates Melodies and Chords (in F-Major Intervals).
Most of the variable names come from Geman, but I translated the Prints to english.
How you like this? (Modifications are always welcome)

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. Dim i As Integer
2. Dim t As Integer
3. Dim n As String
4. Dim lt As Integer
5. Dim tone As String
6. Dim tonmat(30) As Integer
7. Dim diff(30) As Integer
8. Randomize Timer(.001)
9. Dim m(28) As String:
10. m(1) = "V50O1C": m(2) = "V50O1D": m(3) = "V50O1E": m(4) = "V40O1F": m(5) = "V40O1G": m(6) = "V40O1A": m(7) = "V40O1B"
11. m(8) = "V30O2C": m(9) = "V30O2D": m(10) = "V30O2E": m(11) = "V20O2F": m(12) = "V20O2G": m(13) = "V20O2A": m(14) = "V20O2B"
12. m(15) = "V20O3C": m(16) = "V20O3D": m(17) = "V10O3E": m(18) = "V10O3F": m(19) = "V10O3G": m(20) = "V10O3A": m(21) = "V10O3B"
13. Dim lm(7) As Integer
14. lm(1) = 1: lm(2) = 2: lm(3) = 4: lm(4) = 8: lm(5) = 16: lm(6) = 32: lm(7) = 64
15.  
16. Dim auto As String
17. Print "<<<***---Welcome to Melodies and Chords v0.0.4beta by chlorophyll-zz---***>>>"
18. Print
19. Print "Values: Default in brackets,"
20. Print "For default press Enter."
21. Print "Were starting ;-)"
22. Sleep 3
23. start:
24. Print
25. Input "Automatic or Manual Mode? a/m (a)"; auto
26. If auto <> "m" Then auto = "a"
27. If auto = "a" Then Print "Automatic Mode" Else Print "Manual Mode"
28. Print
29. If auto = "m" Then
30.     Input "Lowest Basetone? (C1 to B2) 1-14(1)"; minton: If minton < 1 Or minton > 14 Then minton = 1
31.     Print
32.     Input "Highest Basetone? (C1 to B2) 1-14(14)"; maxton: If maxton < 1 Or maxton > 14 Then maxton = 14
33.     Print
34. End If
35. If auto = "a" Then
36.     minton = 1
37.     maxton = 14
38. End If
39. Print "Basetone from "; Mid$(m(minton), 5, 3); " to "; Mid$(m(maxton), 5, 3)
40. Print
41. Sleep 1
42. If auto = "m" Then
43.     Print "Maximum Duration of Tones? 1/ 1-2-4-8-16"
44.     Input "                              1 2 3 4  5  1-6 (2) "; minlang
45.     Print
46.     If minlang < 1 Or minlang > 5 Then minlang = 2
47.  
48.     Print "Minimum Duration of Tones? 1/ 1-2-4-8-16"
49.     Input "                              1 2 3 4  5  1-6 (4) "; maxlang
50.     Print
51.     If maxlang < 1 Or maxlang > 5 Then maxlang = 4
52. End If
53. If auto = "a" Then
54.     minlang = 2
55.     maxlang = 4
56. End If
57. Print "Duration 1/" + LTrim$(Str$(lm(minlang))) + " to 1/"; LTrim$(Str$(lm(maxlang)))
58. Print
59. Sleep 1
60. If auto = "m" Then
61.     Dim aws As String
62.     Input "How much Chords Possibility in %? 0-100(25)"; aws: If aws = "" Or Val(aws) > 100 Then aws = "25"
63.     Print
64.     proz = Val(aws)
65. End If
66. If auto = "a" Then proz = 25
67. Print LTrim$(Str$(proz)) + "% Chords Possibility"
68. Print
69. Sleep 1
70. If auto = "m" Then
71.     Input "1. Interval from Basetone? 1-7? (C-E=2) (2)"; intmin: If intmin < 1 Or intmin > 7 Then intmin = 2
72.     Print
73.     Input "2. Interval from Basetone? 1-7? (C-G=4) (4)"; intmax: If intmax < 1 Or intmax > 7 Then intmax = 4
74.     Print
75. End If
76. If auto = "a" Then
77.     intmin = 2
78.     intmax = 4
79. End If
80. Print "1. Interval"; intmin; "Tones from Basetone, 2. Interval"; intmax; "Tones from Basetone"
81. Print
82. Sleep 1
83.  
84. debug = 0
85. Do
86.     anfang = anfang + 1
87.     If anfang = 1 Then
88.         For i = 20 To 1 Step -1
89.             tonmat(i) = CInt(Rnd * (maxton - minton)) + minton
90.             If debug = 1 Then Print ; Str$(i) + ". Tone:" + Str$(tonmat(i)) + ",";
91.             diff(i) = tonmat(i) - tonmat(i + 1)
92.             If debug = 1 Then Print "Difference " + Str$(i); ". "; diff(i)
93.         Next i
94.  
95.     End If
96.  
97.     t = CInt(Rnd * (maxton - minton)) + minton
98.     If debug = 1 And (t < 1 Or t > 28) Then Print "Tone below 1 or over 28 t="; t: Input t
99.     n = m(t)
100.  
101.     l = CInt(Rnd * (maxlang - minlang)) + minlang
102.     If debug = 1 And (l < 1 Or l > 7) Then Print "Duration below 1 or over 7 l="; l: Input l
103.  
104.  
105.     lt = lm(l)
106.  
107.     rn = Rnd
108.     If rn < (proz / 100) Then
109.         akk = 1
110.         n = n + "," + m(t + intmin) + "," + m(t + intmax)
111.     End If
112.  
113.     If akk = 1 And l >= minlang + 1 And Rnd * .66 >= (proz / 100) Then
114.         lt = lm(minlang)
115.     End If
116.     akk = 0
117.  
118.     If rn > (proz / 100) Then n = m(t)
119.  
120.     tone = "L" + LTrim$(Str$(lt)) + n
121.  
122.     z = z + 1
123.     If z = 1 Then
124.         Print "<<<*-For Restart press n-*>>>"
125.         Print
126.     End If
127.     If z = 21 Then z = 0
128.  
129.     Print "Duration: 1/" + LTrim$(Str$(lt)) + Chr$(9) + "Note(s): ";
130.     If Len(n) > 6 Then Print ; Mid$(n, 5, 2) + ", " + Mid$(n, 12, 2) + ", "; Mid$(n, 19, 2)
131.     If Len(n) = 6 Then Print ; Mid$(n, 5, 2)
132.     'V25O1C,V25O1G,V25A1
133.     Print
134.     Play tone
135.  
136.  
137.  
138.     For i = 20 To 1 Step -1
139.         tonmat(i) = tonmat(i - 1)
140.         If i = 1 Then tonmat(i) = t
141.         If debug = 1 Then Print ; Str$(i) + ". Tone:" + Str$(tonmat(i)) + ",";
142.         diff(i) = tonmat(i) - tonmat(i + 1)
143.         If debug = 1 Then Print "Difference " + Str$(i); ". "; diff(i)
144.     Next i
145.  
146.     If debug = 1 Then Sleep
147.  
148.     x = _KeyHit
149.     If x Then
150.         If x = -110 Then
151.             x = 0
152.             GoTo start:
153.         End If
154.     End If
155. Loop
156.  

I have also rewrote the Program to have FM-Synth, because a tester suggested that.
First the Program did run as expected but then I edited something I forgot, and the Chords are now sounding garbled.
I think something is wrong about _SNDRAW or _SNDRAWLEN .
Could you have a quick look? Thank you in advance.

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. Dim fm(88) As Double
2. Dim f As Double
3. Dim tn(88) As String
4. Dim in As String
5. Randomize Timer(.001)
6.  
7. Print "Welcone to Random Tones and Chords Generator v0.1b"
8. Print
9. Input "Please specify Chord possibility in % (25)"; uaw$
10. If uaw$ = "" Or Val(uaw$) < 0 Or Val(uaw$) > 100 Then
11.     aw = 25
12. Else aw = Val(uaw$)
13. End If
14. Print "Chords possibility:"; aw; "%"
15. bpm = 120
16. 'interval 1 and 2 (semitones)
17. int1 = 2
18. int2 = 7
19. 'interval possibility percent
20. 'aw = 25
21. 'tone minimum and maximum
22. tmin = 35
23. tmax = 47
24. 'lengths min and max
25. lmin = 2
26. lmax = 4
27. 'fill the tone names
28. For i = 1 To 88
29.     f = ((2 ^ ((i - 49) / 12)) * 440)
30.     fm(i) = f
31.     Select Case i Mod 12
32.         Case 1: tn(i) = "A"
33.         Case 2: tn(i) = "A#"
34.         Case 3: tn(i) = "B"
35.         Case 4: tn(i) = "C"
36.         Case 5: tn(i) = "C#"
37.         Case 6: tn(i) = "D"
38.         Case 7: tn(i) = "D#"
39.         Case 8: tn(i) = "E"
40.         Case 9: tn(i) = "F"
41.         Case 10: tn(i) = "F#"
42.         Case 11: tn(i) = "G"
43.         Case 0: tn(i) = "G#"
44.     End Select
45.     'Select Case Int(i / 12)
46.     '    Case 0: tn(i) = tn(i) + "0"
47.  
48.     'End Select
49.     'DEBUG
50.     'Print f; tn(i)
51.     'If i > 24 Then Sleep
52. Next i
53.  
54. 'delete all sharp tones
55. For i = 1 To 88
56.     If Mid$(tn(i), 2, 1) = "#" Then
57.         tn(i) = tn(i - 1)
58.         fm(i) = fm(i - 1)
59.     End If
60. Next i
61. 'DEBUG fm(49)="A"
62. 'Print fm(49)
63.  
64. 'fill the lengths
65. For i = 1 To 7
66.     lm(i) = 2 ^ i / 2
67.     'DEBUG
68.     'Print lm(i)
69.  
70. Next i
71.  
72. Do
73.     'tones between tmin and tmax
74.     i = CInt((Rnd * (tmax - tmin)) + tmin)
75.  
76.     lr = lm(CInt(Rnd * (lmax - lmin)) + lmin) 'Length out of the lenght fields between 2 and 4
77.     l = 1 / lr * 60 / bpm * 4 'Lenght is parts of a second from the length fields multiplied by bpm
78.  
79.     If Rnd < aw / 100 Then
80.         akk = 1
81.     Else akk = 0
82.     End If
83.     t = 0
84.     akk = 1
85.     If akk = 1 Then
86.         Print "Length 1/"; LTrim$(Str$(lr)); " Tone:"; tn(i); "+"; tn(i + 4); "+"; tn(i + 7)
87.     Else Print "Length 1/"; LTrim$(Str$(lr)); " Tone:"; tn(i)
88.     End If
89.     Do
90.         'queue some sound
91.         Do While t < l 'you may wish to adjust this
92.             sample = Sin(t * fm(i) * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
93.             sample = sample * Exp(-t * l) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
94.             _SndRaw sample
95.             t = t + 1 / _SndRate 'sound card sample frequency determines time
96.  
97.             If akk = 1 Then
98.                 sample2 = Sin(t * fm(i + int1) * Atn(1) * 8)
99.                 sample2 = sample2 * Exp(-t * l)
100.                 _SndRaw sample2
101.                 sample3 = Sin(t * fm(i + int2) * Atn(1) * 8)
102.                 sample3 = sample3 * Exp(-t * l)
103.                 _SndRaw sample3
104.                 t = t + 2 / _SndRate
105.             End If
106.  
107.  
108.         Loop
109.  
110.  
111.     Loop While t < l 'play for l seconds
112.  
113.     Do While _SndRawLen > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
114.     Loop
115.  
116.     in = InKey$
117. Loop While in = ""
118.  

[bplus]

Hi welcome @chlorophyll-zz

Are you talking about slight buzz I am getting on chords or do I have too many crumbs in/on my speakers?

Sorry don't know much about sound Petr pretty good and Dav, speaking of whom have you checked this out?
https://www.qb64.org/forum/index.php?topic=2563.0
 

[chlorophyll-zz]

Are you talking about slight buzz I am getting on chords or do I have too many crumbs in/on my speakers?

Yes, the Buzz is the problem.

I looked in the Program you suggested, and that Program uses a slightly different method, _SNDPLAY, to play the sound of the Drum-Machine.
My Program uses _SNDRAW to generate the sound waves sample by sample, which it does obviously wrong in some way.

[bplus]

Here's a good reference, Fellippe's tut on sound, there is something new to QB64 about capturing wave patterns:
https://www.qb64.org/forum/index.php?topic=3919.0

[chlorophyll-zz]

Here's a good reference, Fellippe's tut on sound, there is something new to QB64 about capturing wave patterns:
https://www.qb64.org/forum/index.php?topic=3919.0

Thank you. I saw the Video a few days ago and that was the reason I discovered FM Synth Sample generation with _SNDRAW.
For the Video part with _SNDRAW, he basically covers the Example code from _SNDRAW in the Wiki,
which I also modified to get the samples. I think I will have to investigate further what it takes to generate a chord,
because I think I have made somehow a wrong assumption that I could just play the _SNDRAW samples after another to generate the Chords.

[chlorophyll-zz]

I think I discovered a bug. Even with a slighly modified example code from _SNDRAW Wiki, the buzz is there:
The Problem is not present with 2 Samples, but appears after 3 Samples and persists with any new Sample that you play after another.

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. t = 0
2. tmp$ = "Sample = ##.#####   Time = ##.#####"
3. Locate 1, 60: Print "Rate:"; _SndRate
4. Do
5.     'queue some sound
6.     Do While _SndRawLen < 3 'you may wish to adjust this
7.         sample = Sin(t * 440 * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
8.         sample = sample * Exp(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
9.         _SndRaw sample
10.         t = t + 1 / _SndRate 'sound card sample frequency determines time
11.         sample = Sin(t * 220 * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
12.         sample = sample * Exp(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
13.         _SndRaw sample
14.         t = t + 1 / _SndRate
15.         sample = Sin(t * 220 * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
16.         sample = sample * Exp(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
17.         _SndRaw sample
18.         t = t + 1 / _SndRate
19.  
20.     Loop
21.  
22.     'do other stuff, but it may interrupt sound
23.     Locate 1, 1: Print Using tmp$; sample; t
24. Loop While t < 3.0 'play for 3 seconds
25.  
26. Do While _SndRawLen > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
27. Loop
28. End
29.  
30.  

[chlorophyll-zz]

I have edited the code, so it only play two tones in a chord (now without buzz).
I suggest 100% Chords possibility for maximal comfort, thats why I made it default ;-)

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. Dim fm(88) As Double
2. Dim f As Double
3. Dim tn(88) As String
4. Dim in As String
5. Randomize Timer(.001)
6. Dim t As Double
7.  
8. Print "Welcone to Random Tones and Chords Generator v0.1b"
9. Print
10. Input "Please specify Chord possibility in % (25)"; uaw$
11. If uaw$ = "" Or Val(uaw$) < 0 Or Val(uaw$) > 100 Then
12.     aw = 100
13. Else aw = Val(uaw$)
14. End If
15. Print "Chords possibility:"; aw; "%"
16. bpm = 120
17. 'interval 1 and 2 (semitones)
18. int1 = 4
19. int2 = 7
20. 'interval possibility percent
21. 'aw = 25
22. 'tone minimum and maximum
23. tmin = 35
24. tmax = 47
25. 'lengths min and max
26. lmin = 2
27. lmax = 4
28. 'fill the tone names
29. For i = 1 To 88
30.     f = ((2 ^ ((i - 49) / 12)) * 440)
31.     fm(i) = CInt(f)
32.     Select Case i Mod 12
33.         Case 1: tn(i) = "A"
34.         Case 2: tn(i) = "A#"
35.         Case 3: tn(i) = "B"
36.         Case 4: tn(i) = "C"
37.         Case 5: tn(i) = "C#"
38.         Case 6: tn(i) = "D"
39.         Case 7: tn(i) = "D#"
40.         Case 8: tn(i) = "E"
41.         Case 9: tn(i) = "F"
42.         Case 10: tn(i) = "F#"
43.         Case 11: tn(i) = "G"
44.         Case 0: tn(i) = "G#"
45.     End Select
46.     'Select Case Int(i / 12)
47.     '    Case 0: tn(i) = tn(i) + "0"
48.  
49.     'End Select
50.     'DEBUG
51.     'Print f; tn(i)
52.     'If i > 24 Then Sleep
53. Next i
54.  
55. 'delete all sharp tones
56. For i = 1 To 88
57.     If Mid$(tn(i), 2, 1) = "#" Then
58.         tn(i) = tn(i - 1)
59.         fm(i) = fm(i - 1)
60.     End If
61. Next i
62. 'DEBUG fm(49)="A"
63. 'Print fm(49)
64.  
65. 'fill the lengths
66. For i = 1 To 7
67.     lm(i) = 2 ^ i / 2
68.     'DEBUG
69.     'Print lm(i)
70.  
71. Next i
72.  
73. Do
74.     'tones between tmin and tmax
75.     i = CInt((Rnd * (tmax - tmin)) + tmin)
76.  
77.     lr = lm(CInt(Rnd * (lmax - lmin)) + lmin) 'Length out of the lenght fields between 2 and 4
78.     l = 1 / lr * 60 / bpm * 4 'Lenght is parts of a second from the length fields multiplied by bpm
79.  
80.     If Rnd < aw / 100 Then
81.         akk = 1
82.     Else akk = 0
83.     End If
84.     t = 1 / _SndRate
85.     If akk = 1 Then
86.         Print "Length 1/"; LTrim$(Str$(lr)); " Tone:"; tn(i); "+"; tn(i + int1) '; "+"; tn(i + 7)
87.     Else Print "Length 1/"; LTrim$(Str$(lr)); " Tone:"; tn(i)
88.     End If
89.     Do
90.         'queue some sound
91.         Do While t < l 'you may wish to adjust this
92.             sample = Sin(t * fm(i) * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
93.             sample = sample * Exp(-t * l) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
94.             _SndRaw sample
95.             t = t + 1 / _SndRate 'sound card sample frequency determines time
96.  
97.             If akk = 1 Then
98.                 sample2 = Sin(t * fm(i + int1) * Atn(1) * 8)
99.                 sample2 = sample2 * Exp(-t * l)
100.                 _SndRaw sample2
101.                 t = t + 1 / _SndRate
102.                 'sample = Sin(t * fm(i + int2) * Atn(1) * 8)
103.                 'sample = sample3 * Exp(-t * l)
104.                 '_SndRaw sample
105.                 't = t + 1 / _SndRate
106.             End If
107.  
108.         Loop
109.  
110.  
111.     Loop While t < l 'play for l seconds
112.  
113.     Do While _SndRawLen > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
114.     Loop
115.  
116.  
117.     in = InKey$
118. Loop While in = ""
119.  
120.  

[Petr]

Hi. Try, if this is repaired or is still broken:

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. DIM fm(88) AS DOUBLE
2. DIM f AS DOUBLE
3. DIM tn(88) AS STRING
4. DIM in AS STRING
5. RANDOMIZE TIMER(.001)
6.  
7. PRINT "Welcone to Random Tones and Chords Generator v0.1b"
8. PRINT
9. INPUT "Please specify Chord possibility in % (25)"; uaw$
10. IF uaw$ = "" OR VAL(uaw$) < 0 OR VAL(uaw$) > 100 THEN
11.     aw = 25
12. ELSE aw = VAL(uaw$)
13. END IF
14. PRINT "Chords possibility:"; aw; "%"
15. bpm = 120
16. 'interval 1 and 2 (semitones)
17. int1 = 2
18. int2 = 7
19. 'interval possibility percent
20. 'aw = 25
21. 'tone minimum and maximum
22. tmin = 35
23. tmax = 47
24. 'lengths min and max
25. lmin = 2
26. lmax = 4
27. 'fill the tone names
28. FOR i = 1 TO 88
29.     f = ((2 ^ ((i - 49) / 12)) * 440)
30.     fm(i) = f
31.     SELECT CASE i MOD 12
32.         CASE 1: tn(i) = "A"
33.         CASE 2: tn(i) = "A#"
34.         CASE 3: tn(i) = "B"
35.         CASE 4: tn(i) = "C"
36.         CASE 5: tn(i) = "C#"
37.         CASE 6: tn(i) = "D"
38.         CASE 7: tn(i) = "D#"
39.         CASE 8: tn(i) = "E"
40.         CASE 9: tn(i) = "F"
41.         CASE 10: tn(i) = "F#"
42.         CASE 11: tn(i) = "G"
43.         CASE 0: tn(i) = "G#"
44.     END SELECT
45.     'Select Case Int(i / 12)
46.     '    Case 0: tn(i) = tn(i) + "0"
47.  
48.     'End Select
49.     'DEBUG
50.     'Print f; tn(i)
51.     'If i > 24 Then Sleep
52. NEXT i
53.  
54. 'delete all sharp tones
55. FOR i = 1 TO 88
56.     IF MID$(tn(i), 2, 1) = "#" THEN
57.         tn(i) = tn(i - 1)
58.         fm(i) = fm(i - 1)
59.     END IF
60. NEXT i
61. 'DEBUG fm(49)="A"
62. 'Print fm(49)
63.  
64. 'fill the lengths
65. FOR i = 1 TO 7
66.     lm(i) = 2 ^ i / 2
67.     'DEBUG
68.     'Print lm(i)
69.  
70. NEXT i
71.  
72. DO
73.     'tones between tmin and tmax
74.     i = CINT((RND * (tmax - tmin)) + tmin)
75.  
76.     lr = lm(CINT(RND * (lmax - lmin)) + lmin) 'Length out of the lenght fields between 2 and 4
77.     l = 1 / lr * 60 / bpm * 4 'Lenght is parts of a second from the length fields multiplied by bpm
78.  
79.     IF RND < aw / 100 THEN
80.         akk = 1
81.     ELSE akk = 0
82.     END IF
83.     t = 0
84.     akk = 1
85.     IF akk = 1 THEN
86.         PRINT "Length 1/"; LTRIM$(STR$(lr)); " Tone:"; tn(i); "+"; tn(i + 4); "+"; tn(i + 7)
87.     ELSE PRINT "Length 1/"; LTRIM$(STR$(lr)); " Tone:"; tn(i)
88.     END IF
89.     DO
90.         'queue some sound
91.         DO WHILE t < l 'you may wish to adjust this
92.             sample = SIN(t * fm(i) * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
93.             sample = sample * EXP(-t * l) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
94.             '_SNDRAW sample
95.             t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE 'sound card sample frequency determines time
96.  
97.             IF akk = 1 THEN
98.                 sample2 = SIN(t * fm(i + int1) * ATN(1) * 8)
99.                 sample2 = sample2 * EXP(-t * l)
100.                 '   _SNDRAW sample2
101.                 sample = (sample + sample2) / 2
102.  
103.                 sample3 = SIN(t * fm(i + int2) * ATN(1) * 8)
104.                 sample3 = sample3 * EXP(-t * l)
105.                 '   _SNDRAW sample3
106.  
107.                 sample = (sample + sample3) / 2
108.  
109.                 t = t + 2 / _SNDRATE
110.             END IF
111.  
112.             _SNDRAW sample
113.  
114.         LOOP
115.  
116.  
117.     LOOP WHILE t < l 'play for l seconds
118.  
119.     DO WHILE _SNDRAWLEN < 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
120.     LOOP
121.  
122.     in = INKEY$
123. LOOP WHILE in = ""
124.  
125.  
126.  

[Petr]

Very nice work, this all! Good job! I like it!

[Petr]

I also encountered problems with slowing down or distorting the sound if I called the _SNDRAW command multiple times in a row. In order for the audio data to be transmitted as I intended, I first mix it using a mathematical average, and only finally, when the data stream is ready, I pass it all at once to the _SNDRAW command. This is the most reliable way to achieve the expected result.

[chlorophyll-zz]

Hi. Try, if this is repaired or is still broken:

The tones are now double the frequency and half the duration as they should.
But the Buzz is gone.

I edited your edits in to the example code. Is this right?
I think the t is only added 1/_SNDRATE because only one sample gets played.

This produces one tone, I think of 440 Hz.

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. t = 0
2. tmp$ = "Sample = ##.#####   Time = ##.#####"
3. Locate 1, 60: Print "Rate:"; _SndRate
4. Do
5.     'queue some sound
6.     Do While _SndRawLen < 3 'you may wish to adjust this
7.         sample1 = Sin(t * 440 * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
8.         sample1 = sample1 * Exp(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
9.         '_SndRaw sample
10.         t = t + 1 / _SndRate 'sound card sample frequency determines time
11.  
12.         sample2 = Sin(t * 110 * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
13.         sample2 = sample2 * Exp(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
14.         '_SndRaw sample
15.         't = t + 1 / _SndRate
16.  
17.         sample1 = (sample1 + sample2) / 2
18.  
19.         sample3 = Sin(t * 220 * Atn(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2π)
20.         sample3 = sample3 * Exp(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
21.  
22.         sample1 = (sample1 + sample3) / 2
23.  
24.         't = t + 1 / _SndRate
25.         _SndRaw sample1
26.     Loop
27.  
28.  
29.     'do other stuff, but it may interrupt sound
30.     Locate 1, 1: Print Using tmp$; sample; t
31. Loop While t < 3.0 'play for 3 seconds
32.  
33. Do While _SndRawLen > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
34. Loop
35. End

[Petr]

You are very right. So I'm trying everything here now. Well, I think I've found a solution. Also, thanks to that, I finally understood what the _SNDRAWOPEN command was doing, which I had quietly trodden around in the past and couldn't understand. And now your clear code makes perfect sense to him. This ensures that the individual sounds do not mix. This program should work properly, it shows what I tried. I think that's what you're looking for.

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. t = 0
2. tmp$ = "Sample = ##.#####   Time = ##.#####"
3. LOCATE 1, 60: PRINT "Rate:"; _SNDRATE
4.  
5. S1 = _SNDOPENRAW
6. S2 = _SNDOPENRAW
7. S3 = _SNDOPENRAW
8.  
9. DO
10.     'queue some sound
11.     DO UNTIL t >= 3 'you may wish to adjust this
12.         sample1 = SIN(t * 440 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
13.         sample1 = sample1 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
14.         '_SndRaw sample
15.         ' t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE 'sound card sample frequency determines time
16.  
17.         sample2 = SIN(t * 110 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
18.         sample2 = sample2 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
19.         '_SndRaw sample
20.         ' t = t + 1 / _SndRate
21.  
22.         '  sample1 = (sample1 + sample2) / 2
23.  
24.         sample3 = SIN(t * 220 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
25.         sample3 = sample3 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
26.  
27.         ' sample1 = (sample1 + sample3) / 2
28.  
29.         t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE
30.         _SNDRAW sample1, , S1
31.         _SNDRAWDONE
32.         _SNDRAW sample2, , S2
33.         _SNDRAWDONE
34.         _SNDRAW sample3, , S3
35.         _SNDRAWDONE
36.  
37.         '   _SNDRAW sample1
38.         '   _SNDRAW sample2
39.         '   _SNDRAW sample3
40.  
41.         LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT USING tmp$; sample; t
42.  
43.  
44.     LOOP
45.  
46.     _SNDCLOSE S1
47.     _SNDCLOSE S2
48.     _SNDCLOSE S3
49.  
50.     'do other stuff, but it may interrupt sound
51.     LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT USING tmp$; sample; t
52. LOOP WHILE t < 3.0 'play for 3 seconds
53.  
54. DO WHILE _SNDRAWLEN > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
55. LOOP
56. END
57.  
58.  

[bplus]

Did that fix the melodies?

[chlorophyll-zz]

Well, I think I've found a solution.

I cant test right now, but this looks very promising. I will test and work your example code in my Program and write back to you. Later ;-)

[chlorophyll-zz]

Well, I think I've found a solution.

...

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. t = 0
2. tmp$ = "Sample = ##.#####   Time = ##.#####"
3. LOCATE 1, 60: PRINT "Rate:"; _SNDRATE
4.  
5. S1 = _SNDOPENRAW
6. S2 = _SNDOPENRAW
7. S3 = _SNDOPENRAW
8.  
9. DO
10.     'queue some sound
11.     DO UNTIL t >= 3 'you may wish to adjust this
12.         sample1 = SIN(t * 440 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
13.         sample1 = sample1 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
14.         '_SndRaw sample
15.         ' t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE 'sound card sample frequency determines time
16.  
17.         sample2 = SIN(t * 110 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
18.         sample2 = sample2 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
19.         '_SndRaw sample
20.         ' t = t + 1 / _SndRate
21.  
22.         '  sample1 = (sample1 + sample2) / 2
23.  
24.         sample3 = SIN(t * 220 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
25.         sample3 = sample3 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
26.  
27.         ' sample1 = (sample1 + sample3) / 2
28.  
29.         t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE
30.         _SNDRAW sample1, , S1
31.         _SNDRAWDONE
32.         _SNDRAW sample2, , S2
33.         _SNDRAWDONE
34.         _SNDRAW sample3, , S3
35.         _SNDRAWDONE
36.  
37.         '   _SNDRAW sample1
38.         '   _SNDRAW sample2
39.         '   _SNDRAW sample3
40.  
41.         LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT USING tmp$; sample; t
42.  
43.  
44.     LOOP
45.  
46.     _SNDCLOSE S1
47.     _SNDCLOSE S2
48.     _SNDCLOSE S3
49.  
50.     'do other stuff, but it may interrupt sound
51.     LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT USING tmp$; sample; t
52. LOOP WHILE t < 3.0 'play for 3 seconds
53.  
54. DO WHILE _SNDRAWLEN > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
55. LOOP
56. END
57.  
58.  

This produces only the last Sample (3) of 220Hz, a bit distorted, unfortunately.
You can hear that yourself when you compare the sound of your code 
to the first and second _sndraw commented out.:

Code: QB64: [Select]

1. t = 0
2. tmp$ = "Sample = ##.#####   Time = ##.#####"
3. LOCATE 1, 60: PRINT "Rate:"; _SNDRATE
4.  
5. S1 = _SNDOPENRAW
6. S2 = _SNDOPENRAW
7. S3 = _SNDOPENRAW
8.  
9. DO
10.     'queue some sound
11.     DO UNTIL t >= 3 'you may wish to adjust this
12.         sample1 = SIN(t * 440 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
13.         sample1 = sample1 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
14.         '_SndRaw sample
15.         ' t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE 'sound card sample frequency determines time
16.  
17.         sample2 = SIN(t * 110 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
18.         sample2 = sample2 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
19.         '_SndRaw sample
20.         ' t = t + 1 / _SndRate
21.  
22.         '  sample1 = (sample1 + sample2) / 2
23.  
24.         sample3 = SIN(t * 220 * ATN(1) * 8) '440Hz sine wave (t * 440 * 2?)
25.         sample3 = sample3 * EXP(-t * 3) 'fade out eliminates clicks after sound
26.  
27.         ' sample1 = (sample1 + sample3) / 2
28.  
29.         t = t + 1 / _SNDRATE
30.         '_SNDRAW sample1, , S1
31.         '_SNDRAWDONE
32.         '_SNDRAW sample2, , S2
33.         '_SNDRAWDONE
34.         _SNDRAW sample3, , S3
35.         _SNDRAWDONE
36.  
37.         '   _SNDRAW sample1
38.         '   _SNDRAW sample2
39.         '   _SNDRAW sample3
40.  
41.         LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT USING tmp$; sample; t
42.  
43.  
44.     LOOP
45.  
46.     _SNDCLOSE S1
47.     _SNDCLOSE S2
48.     _SNDCLOSE S3
49.  
50.     'do other stuff, but it may interrupt sound
51.     LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT USING tmp$; sample; t
52. LOOP WHILE t < 3.0 'play for 3 seconds
53.  
54. DO WHILE _SNDRAWLEN > 0 'Finish any left over queued sound!
55. LOOP
56. END
57.  
58.