OPEN file$ FOR BINARY AS #1
IF LOF(1) = 0 THEN NoExist = -1
CLOSE
IF NoExist THEN
PRINT "File did not exist."
KILL file$
END IF
The above also works well, generally speaking, as it's rather difficult to find 0-byte files on a drive, unless you just opened them yourself for some purpose (such as writing to them). If YOU didn't make that 0-byte file, then should you really think of it as "existing"? Isn't it the hard drive's equivalent of a blank string?
X$ = "" -- there's no X$.
LOF(1) = 0 -- there's no real file.
In the end, they're both just blank placeholders.