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Active Forums => QB64 Discussion => Topic started by: fistfullofnails on April 25, 2021, 04:58:45 pm

Title: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: fistfullofnails on April 25, 2021, 04:58:45 pm
Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. Dim circles% 'total number of circles
  2. Dim x% 'location of circles
  3. Dim y%
  4. Dim circolor% 'color of circle
  5. Dim rad% 'radius of circle
  6. Dim entity% 'individual circle
  7.  
  8. '----------------------
  9. 'assign circle attributes
  10. '----------------------
  11.  
  12. circles = 5
  13.  
  14.  
  15. For i = 1 To circles
  16.     x = Int(Rnd * 300)
  17.     y = Int(Rnd * 300)
  18.     rad = Int(Rnd * 50)
  19.     red% = Int(Rnd * 255)
  20.     green% = Int(Rnd * 255)
  21.     blue% = Int(Rnd * 255)
  22.     entity(i) = circle(x, y), rad,  _RGB32(red%, green%, blue%)
  24.  

then says:
"Name already in use on current line.  Caused by  (or after)
entity(i) = circle(x, y), rad,  _RGB32(red%, green%, blue%)
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: NOVARSEG on April 25, 2021, 05:14:35 pm
For one thing

"Dim x%" is not the same as "DIM x as integer"

I thought "DIM x%" might be shorthand for  " DIM x as integer" but x is still a single

x = 10.2

print x.    you get 10.2,  so x is a single not an integer.  The complier allows Dim x% though

The other thing is entity(i) is an array so

"Dim entity%"  should be "dim entity(some value) as integer"
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: Unseen Machine on April 25, 2021, 05:19:21 pm
You cant store a command in an array, especially one thats not been dimensioned.

You need to create a uset defined type for the circle that contains all the required information, x,y, rdaius etc...and then you can use a for loop to store that info...use this and work on it.

Code: QB64: [Select]
  2.   X AS INTEGER
  3.   Y AS INTEGER
  4.   Radius AS INTEGER
  6.  
  8.  
  9. DIM Circs(9) AS Circle
  10.  
  11. FOR i% = 0 TO 9
  12.   Circs(i%).X = (RND * 300)
  13. '// You fill out the rest but know you can store a _RGB32 value in the RGB variable by
  14. '// Circs(i%).RGB _RGB32(.....
  16.  
  17.  

Unseen
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: bplus on April 25, 2021, 05:31:41 pm
There is a Circle command that is confused with array, that is the name already in use.

Then you need to set up a graphics screen as commented below

Then all is well!

Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. Dim circles% 'total number of circles
  2. Dim x% 'location of circles
  3. Dim y%
  4. Dim circolor% 'color of circle
  5. Dim rad% 'radius of circle
  6. Dim entity% 'individual circle
  7.  
  8. '----------------------
  9. 'assign circle attributes
  10. '----------------------
  11. Screen _NewImage(300, 300, 32) '<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< for graphics commands to work
  12. circles = 5
  13.  
  14.  
  15. For i = 1 To circles
  16.     x = Int(Rnd * 300)
  17.     y = Int(Rnd * 300)
  18.     rad = Int(Rnd * 50)
  19.     red% = Int(Rnd * 255)
  20.     green% = Int(Rnd * 255)
  21.     blue% = Int(Rnd * 255)
  22.     Circle (x, y), rad, _RGB32(red%, green%, blue%)
  24.  
  25.  
  26.  
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: TempodiBasic on April 25, 2021, 06:07:52 pm
Hi fistfullofnails
I want to add 2 feedbacks to your code, all the suggestions to get work your code you have had from the other Qb64 coders before me.
see the 2 attachments

  [ This attachment cannot be displayed inline in 'Print Page' view ]  

and
  [ This attachment cannot be displayed inline in 'Print Page' view ]  

The warning that you got from IDE is because the parser thought that you are typing an assignation and you cannot use a QB64 keyword as variable or array name (   entity(i) = circle (x,y).....)
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: fistfullofnails on April 25, 2021, 08:01:36 pm
OK, so this is Terry Ritchie's game programming tutorial.  What I've been doing is once I go over a section, I try and go back and do something similar, yet simpler, to prove to myself that I may understand it.  I don't believe that just copying the code and moving on does much for me as to retaining things.  Is he not putting multiple commands into his Cir(Count%) array? For instance, Is  Cir(Count%).c = _RGB32(Red%, Green%, Blue%) not a command?



Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. '------------------------    -------------
  2. 'variable declaration
  3. '----------------------------------
  4.  
  5. Type CIRCLETYPE
  6.     x As Single
  7.     y As Single
  8.     c As _Unsigned Long
  9.     r As Integer
  10.     xdir As Single
  11.     ydir As Single
  13.  
  14. Const CIRCLES = 50
  15. Const SCREENWIDTH = 640
  16. Const SCREENHEIGHT = 480
  17.  
  18. Dim Cir(CIRCLES - 1) As CIRCLETYPE
  19. Dim Count%
  20. Dim Red%, Green%, Blue%
  21. Dim OkToPaint%
  22.  
  23. '---------------------------------------
  24. 'Main
  25. '-----------------
  26.  
  28. For Count% = 0 To CIRCLES - 1
  29.     Cir(Count%).x = SCREENWIDTH / 2 - 1
  30.     Cir(Count%).y = SCREENHEIGHT / 2 - 1
  31.     Red% = Int(Rnd(1) * 256)
  32.     Green% = Int(Rnd(1) * 256)
  33.     Blue% = Int(Rnd(1) * 256)
  34.     Cir(Count%).c = _RGB32(Red%, Green%, Blue%)
  35.     Cir(Count%).r = Int(Rnd(1) * 40) + 11
  36.     Cir(Count%).xdir = (Rnd(1) * 2 - Rnd(1) * 2) * 2
  37.     Cir(Count%).ydir = (Rnd(1) * 2 - Rnd(1) * 2) * 2
  38. Next Count%
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: bplus on April 25, 2021, 08:26:59 pm
Quote from: fistfullofnails on April 25, 2021, 08:01:36 pm
OK, so this is Terry Ritchie's game programming tutorial.  What I've been doing is once I go over a section, I try and go back and do something similar, yet simpler, to prove to myself that I may understand it.  I don't believe that just copying the code and moving on does much for me as to retaining things.  Is he not putting multiple commands into his Cir(Count%) array? For instance, Is  Cir(Count%).c = _RGB32(Red%, Green%, Blue%) not a command?



Oh heck I thought you wanted to draw circles!

He is showing you how to use User Defined Type and an array of CircleType.

Code: QB64: [Select]
  1.  Cir(Count%).c = _RGB32(Red%, Green%, Blue%)
This is a color assignment  .c for array Cir at index Count% the _RGB32... is a color

Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. Type CIRCLETYPE
  2.     x As Single
  3.     y As Single
  4.     c As _Unsigned Long
  5.     r As Integer
  6.     xdir As Single
  7.     ydir As Single

See the c AS _Unsigned Long that's a dead give away it's a color.  xdir and ydir indicates your circle centers will be moving around in the screen, these are also called dx, dy meaning they are changes in x and y coordinates.

You really will be needing a Screen command so you can actually draw graphics.

Yeah so far you are just setting up to draw circles moving around on screen.

Next you will have a Screen command and start drawing and then (x, y) of circles will be moved and redrawn in a main loop, if a circle moves off screen or about to it might be bounced back with the next batch of code.
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: bplus on April 25, 2021, 08:45:58 pm
Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. Dim OkToPaint%

hmm... that's new, doesn't believe in a CircleFill Sub?

Might be filling circles with Paint but if two (or more) circles are overlapping which do you paint first?
Could get messy.

Update: OK that wasn't in Terry's program, I just checked and he is painting to circle color border so no mix ups.

OkToPaint% definitely a mod for unknown purpose.

Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: fistfullofnails on April 25, 2021, 11:07:45 pm
Quote from: bplus on April 25, 2021, 08:26:59 pm
Oh heck I thought you wanted to draw circles!

I was just trying to draw circles.  I was trying to draw simple circles using an array.  It's just that some were saying that I was trying to plug commands into an array in my original code I posted here, when it had appeared to me that was what Ritchie was doing in the tutorial you are looking at that I had posted.  I'm guessing that something like _rgb32(255, 0, 255) isn't considered a command?  I'm once again guessing that  _rgb32(255, 0, 255) just turns out to be a long integer in the end, so that an array would accept it?  While circle(80, 50), 25, _rgb32(255, 0, 255) is an actual command, so wouldn't be accepted into an array?  I don't want to offend anyone here, but I'm not really interested in getting into TYPES and such, when I haven't even come to grips with basic arrays it seems. 
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: bplus on April 26, 2021, 01:11:22 am
Quote
I don't want to offend anyone here, but I'm not really interested in getting into TYPES and such, when I haven't even come to grips with basic arrays it seems.

Hey man! you go at your own rate but keep challenging yourself to learn of course. Terry's tutorial probably has to be taken in the order he presents it. If you skip around you might miss something essential.

The code you are posting from was teaching about Type and arrays of Type (UDT's they call them for User Defined Type).

Just doing a circle, all you need an x, y center, a radius r and maybe a color _RGB32( red, green, blue) gets you a color value 1 of 256^3 of them. circle (x, y), r, _rgb32(red, green, blue) where red, green and blue are values from 0 and 255.
Circle (x, y), r, _RGB32(red, green, blue) 'in all generic variables

And don't forget to setup a graphics screen. Screen 12 will do in a pinch but you can custom design your screen size with
Screen _NewImage(myWidth, MyHeight, 32) ' the 32 is for _RGB32( ) colors, _RGB32( ) is called a Function and Functions always return something so usually need a variable = function (a, b, c)

You don't need arrays to hold circle data unless you want to move the circles around on screen.
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: NOVARSEG on April 26, 2021, 01:17:06 am


Quote
While circle(80, 50), 25, _rgb32(255, 0, 255) is an actual command, so wouldn't be accepted into an array?

I think that CIRCLE command does not return a value. so

 entity(i) = circle(x, y), rad,  _RGB32(red%, green%, blue%)
won't work
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: NOVARSEG on April 26, 2021, 01:19:27 am
here is some code that shows use of CIRCLE command and  I did not use TYPEs


Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(1024, 768, 32)
  2.  
  3. DIM originX AS INTEGER
  4. originX = _WIDTH / 2
  5.  
  6. DIM originY AS INTEGER
  7. originY = _HEIGHT / 2
  11. DIM DirY(1) AS INTEGER
  12. DIM DirX(1) AS INTEGER
  13.  
  15.  
  16. Y(0) = 700
  17. X(0) = originX - (700 - originY)
  18.  
  19. X(1) = originX + (350 - originY)
  20. Y(1) = 350
  21.  
  22. DirX(0) = 1
  23. DirY(0) = -1
  24.  
  25. DirX(1) = -1
  26. DirY(1) = -1
  27.  
  29.     _DELAY .001
  30.     obj = 0
  31.  
  32.     IF (((X(1) - X(0)) ^ 2) + (Y(0) - Y(1)) ^ 2) ^ .5 <= 80 AND tog = 0 THEN
  33.         tog = 1
  34.         _DELAY .6
  35.     END IF
  36.  
  37.     IF (((X(1) - X(0)) ^ 2) + (Y(0) - Y(1)) ^ 2) ^ .5 > 80 AND tog = 1 THEN tog = 0
  38.  
  39.     r = 0: g = 0: B = 0
  40.     FOR S = 1 TO 40
  41.         CIRCLE (X(obj), Y(obj)), S, _RGB(r, g, B)
  42.     NEXT
  43.  
  44.     IF X(obj) + 40 = _WIDTH THEN DirX(obj) = -1
  45.     IF X(obj) - 40 = 0 THEN DirX(obj) = 1
  46.     X(obj) = X(obj) + DirX(obj)
  47.  
  48.     IF Y(obj) + 40 = _HEIGHT THEN DirY(obj) = -1
  49.     IF Y(obj) - 40 = 0 THEN DirY(obj) = 1
  50.     Y(obj) = Y(obj) + DirY(obj)
  51.  
  52.  
  53.     r = 255: g = 0: B = 0
  54.     FOR S = 1 TO 40
  55.         CIRCLE (X(obj), Y(obj)), S, _RGB(r, g, B)
  56.     NEXT
  57.  
  58.     obj = 1
  59.  
  60.     r = 0: g = 0: B = 0
  61.     FOR S = 1 TO 40
  62.         CIRCLE (X(obj), Y(obj)), S, _RGB(r, g, B)
  63.            NEXT
  64.  
  65.     IF X(obj) + 40 = _WIDTH THEN DirX(obj) = -1
  66.     IF X(obj) - 40 = 0 THEN DirX(obj) = 1
  67.     X(obj) = X(obj) + DirX(obj)
  68.  
  69.     IF Y(obj) + 40 = _HEIGHT THEN DirY(obj) = -1
  70.     IF Y(obj) - 40 = 0 THEN DirY(obj) = 1
  71.     Y(obj) = Y(obj) + DirY(obj)
  72.  
  73.     r = 0: g = 255: B = 255
  74.     FOR S = 1 TO 40
  75.         CIRCLE (X(obj), Y(obj)), S, _RGB(r, g, B)
  76.     NEXT
  77.  
  78.     _DISPLAY
  79.  
  80.  
  83.  


Explanation of the DIMs

DIM X(1) AS INTEGER   
DIM Y(1) AS INTEGER
DIM DirY(1) AS INTEGER
DIM DirX(1) AS INTEGER

example
DIM X(1) means there are 2 elements to the array  X(0) and X(1)

If you try to assign a value to  X(2)  like  X(2) = 5 you will get a subscript out of range error
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: bplus on April 26, 2021, 01:28:35 am
100 random circles
Code: QB64: [Select]
  1. Screen _NewImage(800, 600, 32)
  2. For i = 1 To 100 ' 100 random circles
  3.     Circle (Rnd * _Width, Rnd * _Height), Rnd * 80, _RGB32(Rnd * 256, Rnd * 256, Rnd * 256)
  5.  
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: NOVARSEG on April 26, 2021, 01:35:20 am
100 circles ? I'm having trouble with only 2
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: bplus on April 26, 2021, 01:40:38 am
Quote from: NOVARSEG on April 26, 2021, 01:35:20 am
100 circles ? I'm having trouble with only 2

Are you talking about bouncing off each other?
https://www.qb64.org/forum/index.php?topic=2292.msg115227#msg115227
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: NOVARSEG on April 26, 2021, 01:56:03 am
That is amazing code. The balls  look to be some kind of elastic material.  Very compact code.
Title: Re: I'm just trying generate some random circles. Don't know why I'm getting this.
Post by: Unseen Machine on April 26, 2021, 03:38:50 am
Wow! I wish my questions got so many replies!

But i digress, I'd suggest you start just playing with the demos in the HELP file to learn how commands work. Then just code one thing at a time, make that work and then add to it. It's not goof for all of use to tell you how to do it cause we all do it differently. I always try to use the OOP method...i'd  suggest you look that up too!

Good luck and happy coding.

Unseen
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